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Introduction
Frankfurt am Main (pop. 755,000; urban 2.3 million), Germany's fifth-largest city, is a vibrant metropolis known for its unique blend of historic charm and modern sophistication. Situated on the banks of the River Main, this financial powerhouse boasts a striking skyline that has earned it the nickname "Mainhattan". Frankfurt is a multicultural hub where old and new coexist harmoniously. The city centre features the restored Römerberg square with its half-timbered buildings, whilst the surrounding areas are dotted with world-class museums, beautiful parks, and a thriving cultural scene. Home to the European Central Bank and one of the world's busiest airports, Frankfurt serves as a major transportation nexus. Visitors can explore attractions such as the Gothic-style Frankfurt Cathedral, the Goethe House museum, and the modern Main Tower for panoramic city views. The city is also renowned for its trade fairs, including the Frankfurt Book Fair, and its traditional apple wine taverns in the Sachsenhausen district.
Frankfurt am Main is the largest financial centre in continental Europe, as well as the seat of the European Central Bank and Bundesbank. With over 200 banks with registered offices, including the headquarters of the major German banks, the city has been nicknamed 'Bankfurt' or 'Mainhattan'.
Frankfurt is Germany's fifth largest city, while the greater Frankfurt Rhine-Main region (encompassing Wiesbaden, Mainz, Darmstadt and Aschaffenburg) is the country's second-largest metropolitan region, with 5.8 million inhabitants. Frankfurt Airport is the main hub of Lufthansa, and is one of the world's busiest international airports. Frankfurt Central Station one of the largest terminal stations in Europe, with 350,000 passengers per day.
Interesting Facts about Frankfurt
- Frankfurt am Main derives its name from the Franks who established a river crossing ("Ford of the Franks") around 450 CE after displacing the Alemanni tribe.
- The city’s iconic skyline nicknamed "Mainhattan" contains 17 of Germany’s 18 skyscrapers, including the 259-metre Commerzbank Tower.
- Frankfurters (hot dogs) trace their origins to the city, with records suggesting their creation as early as 1484.
- It is the only city worldwide housing two central banks: the European Central Bank and the German Bundesbank.
- The Frankfurt Book Fair attracts nearly 300,000 visitors annually, making it the largest event of its kind globally.
- Wertheim House on Römerberg square is the only original building surviving from Frankfurt’s pre-WWII old town.
- With 28% of residents holding foreign passports, Frankfurt ranks as Germany’s most international city.
- The Palmengarten botanical garden spans 22 hectares and features exotic plant collections in elaborate greenhouses.
- Traditional Ebbelwoi (apple cider) is served in diamond-patterned glasses from grey stone jugs called Bembels.
- Frankfurt’s 5,000-hectare Stadtwald forest offers 450 km of trails, forming Germany’s largest inner-city woodland.
History
Frankfurt, a city with a rich and diverse history, has been a significant centre of trade and culture for centuries. Its origins date back to at least 3000 BCE, with evidence of continuous settlement on the cathedral hill. The Romans established a military camp here in 83 CE, and by 794, the city was officially documented as Franconovurt, or the City of Franks. During the Middle Ages, Frankfurt became a free imperial city and a key location for the coronation of Roman kings, as decreed by the Golden Bull of 1356. The city's prominence grew further with the establishment of the Frankfurt Stock Exchange in the late 16th century, solidifying its role as a financial hub.
The 19th and 20th centuries saw Frankfurt transform into a modern metropolis. The city expanded significantly, incorporating surrounding areas and establishing key institutions such as the Old Opera House in 1880 and the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in 1914. Despite suffering extensive damage during World War II, Frankfurt rebuilt itself, preserving its historical landmarks like the Römer and the Frankfurt Cathedral. Post-war, the city emerged as a cosmopolitan centre, becoming the seat of the European Central Bank in 1998 and hosting a diverse population from around the globe.
Today, Frankfurt seamlessly blends its historical heritage with modernity. Visitors can explore the reconstructed Old Town, admire the Gothic architecture of the Frankfurt Cathedral, and walk along the Coronation Path of German kings. The city's vibrant cultural scene, combined with its historical significance, makes it a must-visit destination for travellers seeking a unique blend of the past and the present.
Main Attractions
Historic Heart & Architecture
Market Square (Römerberg)
Römerberg stands as the historic heart of Frankfurt, a picturesque medieval square that has served as the city's central gathering place for centuries. The square is framed by meticulously reconstructed half-timbered houses, their ornate facades creating a striking contrast with the modern skyline visible beyond. These buildings, though largely rebuilt after World War II, faithfully reproduce the architectural style that defined Frankfurt before the war, offering visitors a glimpse into the city's past.
At the western side of the square sits the Römer, Frankfurt's iconic town hall complex. This medieval building has functioned as the city's administrative centre for over 600 years, since 1405 when the city council acquired the property from a wealthy merchant family. The building's distinctive three-gabled facade has become one of Frankfurt's most recognisable symbols. Inside, the Kaisersaal (Emperor's Hall) is particularly noteworthy, adorned with portraits of Holy Roman Emperors and used historically for imperial coronation feasts.
The square is also home to the Fountain of Justice (Gerechtigkeitsbrunnen), a Renaissance-era fountain featuring the statue of Justitia, the Roman goddess of justice. Dating from 1543, it stands as one of the square's oldest surviving elements. During the winter months, Römerberg transforms into a magical Christmas market, one of Germany's largest and most traditional, with wooden stalls selling handicrafts, seasonal treats, and the famous hot apple wine (Apfelwein) that Frankfurt is known for.
Frankfurt Cathedral (Kaiserdom St Bartholomäus)
The Imperial Cathedral of Saint Bartholomew, commonly known as Frankfurt Cathedral or Kaiserdom, dominates the city's old town skyline with its distinctive red sandstone construction. Though technically not a cathedral in the ecclesiastical sense (as it was never the seat of a bishop), it earned its imperial designation through its profound historical significance. Between 1562 and 1792, this Gothic church served as the coronation site for Holy Roman Emperors, cementing Frankfurt's importance in European history.
The cathedral's imposing 95-metre tower invites visitors to climb its 328 steps for panoramic views across Frankfurt's old town and modern financial district. The ascent, though challenging, rewards climbers with unparalleled vistas of the city's unique architectural juxtaposition. The interior houses numerous treasures, including the Maria Schlaf Altar (Mary's Sleep Altar) from the 15th century, located in the Mary Chapel. The exquisitely carved choir stalls date back to 1352 and represent some of the finest medieval woodwork in Germany.
The cathedral's history has been marked by destruction and renewal. After being damaged by fire in 1867 and again during World War II, it underwent extensive reconstruction, with the most recent comprehensive restoration completed in 2018. The cathedral's resilience mirrors that of Frankfurt itself, a city that has repeatedly risen from the ashes of destruction.
St. Paul's Church
Standing as a powerful symbol of German democracy, St. Paul's Church holds a special place in the nation's political history. This oval-shaped Protestant church, completed in 1833, gained its greatest significance in 1848-49 when it hosted the Frankfurt Parliament, Germany's first freely elected national assembly. Here, delegates drafted a constitution for a unified German state, marking a pivotal moment in the country's journey toward democracy, even though these early democratic efforts were ultimately suppressed.
Old Opera House (Alte Oper)
The Alte Oper, originally constructed in 1880, is one of Frankfurt’s most iconic buildings. Severely damaged during World War II, it was rebuilt in the 1970s and reopened in 1981 as a concert hall. The building’s Renaissance-style facade bears the inscription "Dem Wahren, Schönen, Guten" ("To the true, the beautiful, the good"). Today, it hosts a wide range of performances, including classical concerts, jazz shows, and cultural events. Its location near Opernplatz makes it a central and easily accessible attraction.
Höchst District
This Frankfurt district contains one of the city's best-preserved old towns, protected by heritage legislation since 1972. The timber-framed historic buildings create a quiet, walkable environment far from the bustling city centre. Notable attractions include the baroque Bolongaropalast, the largest private residence of its type built during the 18th century, which remains surprisingly unknown even to many Frankfurt residents. The district offers an authentic glimpse into Frankfurt's architectural heritage without the tourist crowds.
Modern Skyline & Views
Financial District (Bankenviertel)
Frankfurt’s financial district, often referred to as the “Bankenviertel” or “Mainhattan” (a nod to Manhattan due to its forest of skyscrapers), is one of Europe’s most impressive cityscapes, dominated by sleek, modern towers that are home to leading banks, corporations, and global institutions. Among the most iconic are the Commerzbank Tower (259m, Germany’s tallest building), Westend 1 (208m), OmniTurm (190m), and the OpernTurm (170m), each with distinctive architectural styles and glass façades that reflect the city’s dynamism. New additions such as the FOUR Frankfurt complex (with the tallest tower at 233m) and the Central Business Tower (205m, under construction) continue to expand the skyline, while long-standing landmarks like the Eurotower (headquarters of the European Central Bank until 2014) add historical depth. While most of these towers are office buildings and not open to the general public, they contribute to Frankfurt’s reputation as a continental financial powerhouse.
Main Tower
For visitors seeking a bird’s-eye view of the financial district, the Main Tower stands out as the only skyscraper in the financial district with a public observation deck. Rising 200 metres (240 metres including its antenna), its open-air terrace at 187 metres offers sweeping, uninterrupted panoramas across Frankfurt’s skyline, the winding River Main, and the surrounding Taunus hills. The experience is especially magical at sunset, when the city’s towers glimmer against the fading light. Unlike other observation platforms in Frankfurt, the Main Tower’s deck is uniquely positioned within the heart of the banking district, allowing guests to gaze directly at neighbouring giants such as the Commerzbank Tower and Westend 1. Advanced tickets are recommended, as this remains one of Frankfurt’s most popular attractions for both locals and travellers keen to appreciate the city from above.
Cultural Districts
Sachsenhausen
The Sachsenhausen district on the south bank of the Main River is renowned for its traditional apfelwein taverns, where visitors can sample Frankfurt's iconic apple wine. Historic establishments like Adolf Wagner, Apfelwein Solzer, and Zum Gemalten Haus serve this tart, tangy beverage alongside regional specialities. The district combines cobblestone streets with lively nightlife, making it an essential destination for experiencing authentic Frankfurt culture.
Alt-Sachsenhausen
This historic quarter within Sachsenhausen preserves medieval architecture alongside traditional cider houses and restaurants. The narrow cobbled streets and half-timbered buildings create an atmospheric setting for evening strolls, whilst numerous galleries and craft shops add contemporary appeal to the historic fabric.
Bridges & Waterfront
Eiserner Steg
Linking the Innenstadt with Sachsenhausen, the Eiserner Steg is a pedestrian footbridge first erected in 1869 and rebuilt multiple times since. Its lattice-iron structure affords delightful vistas of Frankfurt's skyscrapers and the riverbanks below. As a favourite spot for couples to affix love locks and for photographers to capture the cityscape, it epitomises the union of historic engineering and contemporary urban life.
Mainuferpark
The Mainuferpark is a waterfront promenade that stretches along the Main River, offering peaceful riverside walks with views of Frankfurt's skyline. This beautifully maintained green space provides an excellent escape from urban bustle whilst remaining in the heart of the city. The park connects various attractions along the riverbank and serves as a popular spot for joggers, cyclists, and families seeking outdoor recreation.
Top Museums
Art Museums
Städel Museum
The Städel Museum stands as Frankfurt's crown jewel and Germany's oldest museum foundation, dating back to 1815. This prestigious institution houses one of the most significant art collections in Germany, spanning 700 years of European art from the 14th century to the present day. The museum's collection encompasses masterpieces by Old Masters including Rembrandt, Vermeer, and Goya, progressing through to Impressionist works by Monet and Degas, and extending into contemporary art with pieces by Picasso, Bacon, and Baselitz.
The museum underwent a remarkable expansion with a stunning underground extension illuminated by large circular skylights, creating a unique atmosphere that beautifully integrates with the historic building above. This subterranean space houses the museum's contemporary collection and provides an otherworldly setting for modern masterpieces. The Städel offers comprehensive educational programmes including English-language guided tours, audio guides, workshops, and lectures, alongside a research library, café, and bookshop.
Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt
The Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt represents one of Europe's most dynamic contemporary art venues, housed in a striking postmodern building at the heart of the city near Römerberg. This institution focuses exclusively on major temporary exhibitions of modern and contemporary art, presenting both established masters and emerging artists in thoughtfully curated shows. The angular, light-filled architecture of the building provides an ideal backdrop for contemporary works, with flexible exhibition spaces that can accommodate diverse artistic mediums and installations.
The Schirn has built an international reputation for its innovative curatorial approach and high-profile exhibitions that often premiere in Frankfurt before touring globally. The venue regularly hosts retrospectives of major artists, thematic group shows exploring contemporary issues, and experimental exhibitions that push the boundaries of traditional museum presentation. With extended opening hours on Wednesday and Thursday evenings and comprehensive accessibility features, the Schirn ensures that cutting-edge contemporary art remains accessible to a broad audience.
Liebieghaus
The Liebieghaus, officially known as the Städtische Galerie Liebieghaus, serves as Frankfurt's municipal sculpture museum and houses one of the world's most comprehensive sculpture collections. Set in a magnificent 19th-century villa on the Museumsufer, the museum's collection of over 5,000 works spans from ancient Egypt through to neoclassicism, encompassing Asian, Egyptian, Greek, and Roman sculptures alongside pieces from the medieval, Renaissance, and Baroque periods. The villa's elegant rooms provide an intimate setting that allows visitors to appreciate the intricate details and craftsmanship of sculptures from across cultures and centuries.
The museum's presentation emphasises the evolution of sculptural techniques and styles, with carefully arranged galleries that trace the development of three-dimensional art through different civilisations and time periods. Recent renovations have enhanced the lighting and display methods, allowing the marble, bronze, and stone works to be seen in their full glory. The Liebieghaus also features a sculpture garden and regularly hosts special exhibitions that explore specific themes or periods in sculptural history, making it a must-visit destination for those interested in the tactile and spatial dimensions of artistic expression.
Museum Giersch
The Museum Giersch focuses specifically on 19th and 20th-century art from the Rhine-Main region, providing visitors with insight into the artistic traditions and cultural developments of Frankfurt's surrounding area. Located on the prestigious Schaumainkai as part of the Museumsufer, this regional art museum showcases works by artists who lived and worked in the Frankfurt metropolitan area, offering a unique perspective on local artistic movements and influences. The collection includes paintings, sculptures, and graphic works that reflect the cultural identity and artistic evolution of the region over two centuries.
Beyond its permanent collection, the Museum Giersch serves as an active cultural centre, hosting educational events, lectures, and temporary exhibitions that explore various aspects of regional art history. The museum's intimate scale allows for detailed exploration of individual works and artists, whilst its location within the villa architecture typical of the Museumsufer provides an elegant setting that complements the regional focus. This institution plays a crucial role in preserving and presenting the artistic heritage of the Rhine-Main area, making it particularly valuable for visitors interested in understanding Frankfurt's cultural context within the broader German art historical narrative.
Caricatura - Museum for Comic Art
The Caricatura Museum represents a unique institution dedicated to humorous art, showcasing both permanent and temporary exhibitions of German cartoonists, satirical artists, and comic creators. Located in the heart of Frankfurt's old town, this specialised museum celebrates the rich tradition of German satirical art and humour, featuring works that range from political cartoons to comic strips and caricatures. The museum's collection includes pieces by renowned German humorists and cartoonists, providing insight into how comedy and satire have been used to comment on society, politics, and culture throughout history.
The museum's approach to humorous art extends beyond simple entertainment, exploring how caricature and comic art serve as forms of social commentary and cultural criticism. Interactive elements and multimedia presentations help visitors understand the techniques and traditions behind different forms of comic art, from traditional pen-and-ink drawings to modern digital creations. The Caricatura frequently hosts temporary exhibitions featuring international artists and themed shows that explore specific aspects of humorous art, whilst also offering educational programmes that demonstrate the serious artistic skills required to create effective satirical work.
Frankfurter Kunstverein
The Frankfurter Kunstverein occupies a historically significant 15th-century building in Frankfurt's old town, serving as one of Germany's oldest art associations dedicated to contemporary art. This institution focuses on presenting work by international contemporary artists through rotating exhibitions that explore current trends, experimental practices, and emerging artistic voices. The contrast between the medieval architecture and cutting-edge contemporary art creates a unique dialogue between past and present, offering visitors an experience that few other venues can provide.
The Kunstverein operates as a non-profit organisation that supports both established and emerging artists, often providing platforms for experimental work that might not find space in larger, more traditional museums. The intimate scale of the exhibition spaces allows for close engagement with artworks and encourages thoughtful contemplation. With extended opening hours including Thursday evenings until 9 PM, the venue accommodates various schedules whilst maintaining its commitment to presenting challenging and thought-provoking contemporary art that reflects current global artistic discourse.
Museum für Moderne Kunst (MMK): A Beacon of Contemporary Expression
The Museum für Moderne Kunst, or MMK, has firmly established itself as one of Europe's most important galleries dedicated to contemporary art. Its collection comprises approximately 5,000 works from over 450 artists, representing a diverse range of styles, media, and perspectives. Here, visitors can encounter iconic pieces by groundbreaking figures such as Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, and Francis Bacon, alongside works by emerging artists pushing the boundaries of artistic expression. The museum's striking post-modern building, designed by Viennese architect Hans Hollein, is a work of art in itself, providing a fitting backdrop for the innovative art within. MMK is not merely a repository of art; it is a dynamic platform for dialogue and experimentation, hosting temporary exhibitions, performances, and events that engage with the pressing social and cultural issues of our time. Its commitment to fostering critical thinking and challenging conventional norms makes it a vital hub for the contemporary art scene.
History and Cultural Museums
Historical Museum Frankfurt (Historisches Museum Frankfurt)
The Historical Museum Frankfurt, situated in a complex that includes both historic and contemporary buildings near the Römerberg, offers the most comprehensive exploration of Frankfurt's history available anywhere. The museum's extensive collection traces the city's development from its medieval origins as a free imperial city through to its contemporary role as a major European financial centre. The permanent exhibition "Frankfurt Once?" occupies multiple floors and presents artifacts, multimedia displays, and interactive elements that bring nearly 1,200 years of city history to life, covering everything from medieval trade to modern banking, from religious history to cultural developments.
The museum's innovative approach includes cross-cutting themes that run throughout the entire institution, allowing visitors to explore subjects such as Frankfurt under the Nazis, the history of migration, women's history, and art and design across different time periods. The new permanent collection features significantly more interactive objects and exhibits than previous iterations, alongside "Learn More" levels designed to encourage repeat visits. Special Study Rooms on every floor provide additional materials for groups and school classes, whilst a Family Trail designed for younger visitors and their accompanying adults ensures the museum serves diverse audiences.
Young Museum Frankfurt (Junges Museum Frankfurt)
The Young Museum Frankfurt, part of the Historical Museum complex, specifically caters to children and families whilst maintaining educational rigour and engaging presentation. This interactive institution features hands-on exhibits covering natural science, history, and technology, designed to encourage young visitors to explore, question, and discover. The museum's approach emphasises learning through play and direct engagement, with multimedia workshops and craft activities that allow children to create whilst they learn.
The museum's exhibits are carefully designed to be accessible to different age groups whilst providing educational content that supports school curricula and family learning. Interactive displays cover topics ranging from local history to scientific principles, always presented in ways that encourage active participation rather than passive observation. The Young Museum regularly hosts special programmes, workshops, and events designed specifically for families, making it an essential destination for parents seeking educational entertainment. The museum's integration with the larger Historical Museum complex allows for coordinated family visits that can span different interests and age groups.
Goethe House (Goethe-Haus)
The Goethe House, located on the Großer Hirschgraben, is the birthplace and childhood home of Germany's most celebrated literary figure, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Born here in 1749, Goethe spent his youth in this house, a period during which he penned his first major works, including Götz von Berlichingen and The Sorrows of Young Werther, which catapulted him to international fame overnight. He also began his lifelong work on the epic Faust within these walls. Though the original building was destroyed during World War II, it was meticulously and faithfully reconstructed, reopening to the public in 1951 to offer a vivid impression of life for a wealthy Frankfurt family in the 18th century.
Inside, the house is authentically furnished with period pieces and paintings that recreate the atmosphere in which Goethe was raised. Visitors can explore the family's daily life by walking through the kitchen, dining room, and music room, where the family once watched a young Mozart perform. The upper floors contain his father's extensive library of 2,000 books and the writer's room, where Goethe often worked at a standing desk. Also on display is the cherished puppet theatre, a childhood gift that first ignited his passion for the stage. Adjacent to the house is the German Romanticism Museum, which continues the narrative of the era and can be visited with the same ticket.
Jewish Museum (Jüdisches Museum)
The Jewish Museum Frankfurt provides a profound exploration of Jewish history and culture, housed in both the historic 19th-century Rothschild Palais and a striking modern extension. The museum presents the story of Jewish life in Frankfurt and Germany more broadly, from medieval times through to the present day, offering visitors insight into both the rich cultural contributions of Jewish communities and the tragic history of persecution and the Holocaust. The permanent exhibition combines historical artifacts, personal stories, multimedia presentations, and reconstructed environments to create an immersive experience that honours both celebration and remembrance.
The museum's contemporary architectural extension provides space for temporary exhibitions that explore various aspects of Jewish culture, art, and history from both German and international perspectives. The institution serves not only as a repository of historical information but also as an active cultural centre that hosts lectures, concerts, and educational programmes designed to promote understanding and dialogue. With its combination of historical depth, architectural beauty, and contemporary relevance, the Jewish Museum stands as one of Frankfurt's most important cultural institutions, offering essential insights into the complex history of Jewish life in Germany.
Institut für Stadtgeschichte Frankfurt am Main
The Institut für Stadtgeschichte, housed in a beautifully preserved 13th-century Carmelite monastery, serves as both Frankfurt's city archive and a museum dedicated to urban history. This unique institution occupies one of Frankfurt's most significant historical buildings, where the medieval cloisters and Gothic architecture provide an atmospheric setting for exploring the city's documentary heritage. The monastery itself tells the story of Frankfurt's religious history, whilst the exhibitions within explore how the city has evolved through the centuries, drawing on an extensive archive of documents, photographs, maps, and artifacts.
The institute's dual role as archive and museum allows it to present historical materials that are rarely accessible to the public, including medieval charters, historical photographs, city planning documents, and personal papers of significant Frankfurt residents. Temporary exhibitions often focus on specific aspects of Frankfurt's history or particular time periods, using primary source materials to provide authentic insights into daily life, political developments, and cultural changes. The combination of the magnificent medieval setting and the scholarly approach to historical presentation makes this institution particularly valuable for visitors seeking a deeper understanding of how Frankfurt developed into the metropolis it is today.
German Film Museum (Deutsches Film Museum)
The German Film Museum celebrates the rich history of cinema, offering a captivating journey through the development of the moving image. Visitors can explore the evolution of filmmaking technology, from the earliest cameras and projectors to the latest digital innovations. The museum features replica studios, allowing visitors to step behind the scenes and experience the magic of movie-making firsthand. Exhibits on special effects reveal the secrets behind some of cinema's most iconic moments, while screenings of classic films offer a chance to relive the golden age of Hollywood and beyond. The German Film Museum is not just for film buffs; it is a place where anyone can discover the power of cinema and its profound impact on our culture and society. Its engaging exhibits, interactive displays, and diverse programming make it a must-visit destination for anyone interested in the art of storytelling.
Museum of World Cultures (Weltkulturen Museum)
The Museum of World Cultures offers a unique opportunity to explore the art and artifacts of cultures from around the globe. With over 65,000 items in its collection, the museum showcases the diversity and richness of human creativity. Visitors can admire intricate sculptures from Africa, vibrant textiles from India, elaborate masks from Indonesia, and striking carvings from Oceania. The museum's exhibits are designed to promote cross-cultural understanding and appreciation, highlighting the common threads that connect us all. The Museum of World Cultures is not just a place to view objects; it is a space for reflection and dialogue, encouraging visitors to consider the diverse perspectives and experiences of people from different cultures. Its serene environment and thought-provoking exhibits make it a valuable resource for anyone interested in exploring the world beyond their own borders.
Science and Natural History Museums
Senckenberg Nature Museum
The Senckenberg Nature Museum stands as one of Germany's most significant natural history institutions, renowned particularly for its spectacular collection of dinosaur skeletons and fossils. The museum's impressive displays include complete dinosaur reconstructions, a giant anaconda specimen, and extensive collections covering paleontology, geology, zoology, and anthropology. The dinosaur hall serves as the museum's centrepiece, featuring massive skeletons that capture the imagination of visitors whilst providing scientific insights into prehistoric life on Earth.
Beyond its famous dinosaur collection, the Senckenberg Museum offers comprehensive exploration of natural history through meticulously curated exhibits on biodiversity, evolution, earth sciences, and human development. The museum serves as both a research institution and a public education centre, with active scientific programmes that contribute to contemporary understanding of natural processes and environmental challenges. Interactive displays and multimedia presentations help translate complex scientific concepts for general audiences, whilst the museum's extensive educational programmes serve school groups and families. The combination of spectacular specimens, rigorous science, and engaging presentation makes this one of Frankfurt's most popular cultural attractions.
EXPERIMINTA ScienceCenter
EXPERIMINTA represents Frankfurt's premier interactive science centre, designed to make scientific concepts accessible and engaging through hands-on experimentation and discovery. The museum features over 120 interactive experiment stations covering topics from physics and chemistry to biology and mathematics, allowing visitors to explore scientific principles through direct manipulation and observation. The centre's philosophy emphasises learning through play and experimentation, encouraging visitors to ask questions, test hypotheses, and discover scientific truths for themselves.
The science centre caters to visitors of all ages, with exhibits ranging from simple demonstrations suitable for young children to complex interactive displays that challenge adults and students. Special emphasis is placed on making abstract scientific concepts tangible through interactive demonstrations that illustrate principles of mechanics, optics, electricity, and other scientific fields. The EXPERIMINTA also hosts workshops, demonstrations, and special events that provide deeper exploration of scientific topics, whilst its family-friendly approach ensures that parents and children can explore science together. The centre's commitment to hands-on learning makes it an invaluable resource for science education and an entertaining destination for curious minds.
Specialised and Unique Museums
Ikonenmuseum Frankfurt
The Ikonenmuseum Frankfurt houses one of Europe's most significant collections of Christian Orthodox icons, featuring over 1,000 sacred images from across the Orthodox diaspora. This specialised museum provides visitors with insight into the rich artistic and spiritual traditions of Orthodox Christianity, displaying icons from Russia, Greece, the Balkans, and other Orthodox regions. The collection spans several centuries and includes works in various media, from traditional tempera on wood panels to more contemporary interpretations of iconographic traditions.
The museum's presentation emphasises both the artistic and spiritual dimensions of icon creation, exploring the theological significance of these sacred images alongside their aesthetic qualities. Visitors can learn about the traditional techniques used in icon painting, the symbolic meaning of different colours and compositions, and the role of icons in Orthodox worship and daily life. The museum regularly hosts temporary exhibitions that explore specific aspects of Orthodox art and culture, whilst educational programmes provide context for understanding these works within their religious and cultural frameworks. For visitors interested in religious art or Orthodox culture, this museum offers a rare opportunity to engage with a tradition that remains vibrant in many parts of the world.
Eintracht Frankfurt Museum
The Eintracht Frankfurt Museum celebrates the rich history and culture of one of Germany's most beloved football clubs, offering fans and sports enthusiasts an immersive journey through the team's legendary past. Located at the club's training facilities, the museum showcases trophies, memorabilia, historical photographs, and interactive displays that tell the story of Eintracht Frankfurt from its founding through to its contemporary successes. The collection includes match-worn jerseys, championship trophies, historical programmes, and personal items from legendary players and coaches.
The museum goes beyond simple memorabilia to explore the cultural significance of football in Frankfurt and Germany more broadly, examining how the sport has served as a source of community identity and social connection. Interactive displays allow visitors to test their football knowledge, whilst multimedia presentations provide behind-the-scenes insights into the club's operations and traditions. The museum serves not only dedicated Eintracht fans but also anyone interested in understanding the role of football in German culture and society. Regular special exhibitions focus on particular periods in the club's history or specific themes related to football culture.
Money Museum (Geldmuseum)
Operated by the Deutsche Bundesbank, the Money Museum offers a fascinating and informative exploration of the world of finance. Through interactive exhibits, visitors can learn about the history of money, the production of cash, and the role of monetary policy in shaping our economy. The museum demystifies complex financial concepts, making them accessible to a wide audience. Highlights include the opportunity to touch a genuine gold bar, a tangible reminder of the value and power of money. The Money Museum is not just for economists and bankers; it is a place where anyone can gain a better understanding of the financial forces that shape our lives. Its engaging exhibits, multimedia presentations, and hands-on activities make it a valuable resource for students, educators, and anyone interested in learning more about the world of finance.
Local Cuisine
Frankfurt's local cuisine offers a delightful array of traditional German specialities that reflect the city's rich culinary heritage. No visit would be complete without sampling Grüne Soße, a yoghurt-based sauce made with seven specific herbs, typically served with hard-boiled eggs, potatoes or Schnitzel. Another must-try is Handkäs mit Musik, a distinctive sour milk cheese marinated in vinegar and oil, topped with chopped onions—the 'musik' referring to the after-effects of the onions. Frankfurter Wurst, the city's namesake sausage, is traditionally served with bread, mustard and sauerkraut. For a truly authentic experience, head to Sachsenhausen to enjoy these dishes in rustic apple wine pubs, where you can sample Apfelwein (apple cider)—Frankfurt's signature drink served in special cups called Bembele. Round off your culinary journey with Frankfurter Kranz, a crown-shaped sponge cake layered with buttercream and jam, adorned with cherries that symbolise rubies from the crowns of German emperors once crowned in Frankfurt.
Shopping
Frankfurt offers diverse shopping experiences across several key areas. The Zeil, a 1.2-kilometre pedestrianised street, serves as the city's main shopping district with major retail chains, department stores like Galeria Kaufhof, and international brands such as H&M and Zara. For luxury shopping, Goethestraße (nicknamed 'Luxusgasse') houses high-end designers including Gucci, Prada, Louis Vuitton and Chanel. The MyZeil shopping centre features approximately 100 shops within its striking architectural design with a curved glass façade. Other notable shopping areas include Berger Straße with its bohemian atmosphere and independent boutiques, and Schweizer Straße in Sachsenhausen for unique shops and galleries. For food enthusiasts, Kleinmarkthalle offers fresh produce and international delicacies, while weekly markets operate at Konstablerwache Square (Saturdays and Thursdays) and Schillerstrasse (Fridays). Most shops open Monday to Saturday from 9:00/10:00 to 20:00/21:00, with all shops closed on Sundays.
Zeil
Frankfurt's principal shopping promenade, the Zeil stretches eastward from Hauptwache towards Konstablerwache. Lined with department stores, boutiques and cafés, it is one of Europe's busiest pedestrian streets. Architectural highlights include the futuristic My Zeil shopping centre, with its sweeping glass façade and interior skywalk, as well as historic façades that peek through amongst the modern storefronts.
Kleinmarkthalle
Nestled near Domstraße, the Kleinmarkthalle is a covered market dating from 1879. Inside, over 60 stalls offer regional specialities—apple wine, Handkäse mit Musik, fresh fruit and artisanal breads—and international delicacies. An espresso bar and a wine bar on the upper level provide perfect spots for a light meal or a sampling of Hessen wines, making the market a microcosm of Frankfurt's culinary scene.
Nature in and around Frankfurt
Parks & Gardens
Palmengarten
Established in 1871, the Palmengarten is one of Germany's largest botanical gardens, spanning 49 acres of themed gardens, greenhouses and lawns. With some 13,000 plant species, its highlights include the Flower and Butterfly House, a bamboo grove and a serene rose garden. Its centrepiece is the Palm House, an 18-metre-high glass structure housing tropical vegetation. Rowboats glide on the central pond, children delight in the playgrounds, and seasonal music events animate the gardens from spring through autumn. Guided tours reveal the history and botanical wonders of this urban oasis.
Grüneburgpark
Covering 29 hectares in Frankfurt's Westend, Grüneburgpark is the largest park within the inner city. Its expansive lawns, tree-lined paths, and varied terrain make it ideal for lengthy walks, jogging, and outdoor recreation. The park provides a substantial green lung for the city centre, offering respite from urban density whilst remaining easily accessible to residents and visitors.
Bethmannpark and Chinese Garden
This tranquil park houses Frankfurt's Chinese Garden (Chinesischer Garten), a meticulously designed oasis featuring traditional Chinese architecture, ornamental ponds, delicate bridges, and dragon statues. The garden creates a contemplative atmosphere perfect for quiet reflection, whilst the surrounding Bethmannpark offers beautiful flower gardens and additional walking paths through well-maintained landscapes.
Nizza Gardens
Located on the northern riverbank of the Main, the Nizza Gardens present a Mediterranean-inspired landscape featuring palm trees, lemon trees, and other warm-climate plants. This small but distinctive garden creates an unexpected tropical atmosphere in the heart of Frankfurt, providing a unique microclimate that transports visitors to sunnier climes.
Frankfurt Zoo
The Frankfurt Zoo, founded in 1858, houses over 4,500 animals from around 500 species within its compact yet well-designed grounds. Highlights include the Exotarium with reptiles and aquatic species as well as themed enclosures replicating natural habitats. The zoo is known for its conservation efforts and educational programmes.
Rothschildpark
Situated directly in Frankfurt's banking quarter, this compact park offers excellent views of the surrounding skyscrapers whilst providing green space amidst the financial district. Located near the Alte Oper, Rothschildpark serves as a convenient rest stop for visitors exploring the city centre, with its proximity to major landmarks making it an ideal spot for a brief respite.
Frankfurt City Forest
The Frankfurt City Forest (Stadtwald) is Germany’s largest inner-city forest, covering approximately 58 square kilometres. It offers extensive walking and cycling paths, nature trails with educational displays, rest huts, playgrounds, and ponds. This forest has been owned by the city since 1372 and serves as both a recreational area and an important ecological resource.
Main River Promenade
The Main River Promenade provides scenic walking and cycling paths along both banks of the river. The northern bank features the Nizza Garden with Mediterranean plants thriving in its microclimate. On the southern bank lies Museumsufer (Museum Embankment), home to several cultural institutions and a popular flea market on Saturdays. The pedestrian Eiserner Steg (Iron Bridge), adorned with love locks, offers stunning views of Frankfurt’s skyline.
Around Frankfurt
Frankfurt's surrounding areas offer a wealth of natural attractions for outdoor enthusiasts. The Taunus Hills Nature Park, just outside the city, is a popular destination for hiking, cycling, and winter sports, featuring 210 hiking trails spanning 1,168 km. The park's diverse landscape includes the Upper Taunus slopes, the Taunus Ridge, and the tranquil River Lahn. Within Frankfurt itself, the green belt comprises woods, meadows, parks, and recreational areas, making up about a third of the city's area. Other notable natural spots include the Rheingau region, known for its vineyards and the Rheinsteig hiking route; the Vogelsberg, Central Europe's largest continuous volcanic region; and the Odenwald, a densely wooded low mountain range. For those seeking unique landscapes, the Schwanheimer Düne offers a distinctive ecosystem, while the Lohrberg provides panoramic views of the city and surrounding countryside.
Getting to Frankfurt & Around
Getting to Frankfurt
The easiest ways to reach Frankfurt am Main are by air via Frankfurt Airport (with direct rail links), by high-speed train to Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof or the airport’s long-distance station, by long-distance coach, or by car on the A3, A5 and A66 motorways that converge around the city.
By air
Frankfurt Airport (FRA) is a major European hub with two on-site railway stations: the regional station beneath Terminal 1 for S-Bahn and regional services, and the long-distance station (Fernbahnhof) connected by a walkway for ICE and other intercity trains across Germany and Europe.
To reach the city centre from the airport, take S-Bahn lines S8 or S9 from the regional station towards Offenbach Ost or Hanau, with frequent departures and a journey of roughly 10–15 minutes to central stops such as Hauptbahnhof or Hauptwache; terminal transfers are supported by the SkyLine and 24/7 shuttle buses between Terminals 1 and 2.
Note that Frankfurt–Hahn Airport (HHN) is not in Frankfurt; it lies roughly 110–120 km away in the Hunsrück region, so plan onward transport time accordingly if flying there.
By train
Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof is a nationwide and international rail hub with frequent ICE and other long-distance services from major German cities and international destinations such as Brussels, Amsterdam and Paris, making direct arrivals straightforward.
Long-distance trains also serve the airport’s Fernbahnhof, which is within walking distance of Terminal 1 and integrates with airline–rail products such as Rail&Fly and Lufthansa Express Rail for seamless connections.
By coach
Frankfurt’s dedicated long-distance BusTerminal at Stuttgarter Strasse 26 is operated by FlixBus and links the city with numerous routes across Germany and Europe, offering an alternative to rail for overland arrivals.
Many services also call at the airport’s P36 long-distance bus area near Terminal 1, with a 24/7 shuttle every 10 minutes connecting both terminals and the bus stop for convenient transfers.
By car
Frankfurt sits at the Frankfurter Kreuz interchange where the A3 (east–west) and A5 (north–south) motorways meet, with the A66 providing an additional east–west approach through the Rhine–Main region.
Much of central Frankfurt lies within a low-emission zone bounded roughly by the A5, A3 and A661, and only vehicles meeting the required emissions standard (green sticker) may enter these areas, so check eligibility before driving into the centre.
Practical tips
When arriving by rail, confirm whether the ticket is to Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof or the airport’s Fernbahnhof, and allow time for the short walk or terminal transfer as signed on site.
For local onward travel planning in the Rhine–Main area, look for RMV information and signage at the airport and stations for S-Bahn, regional trains and buses.
Getting around Frankfurt
Frankfurt am Main is easy to navigate thanks to an integrated public transport network of S‑Bahn, U‑Bahn, trams and buses, complemented by walkable districts, extensive cycling routes and widely available taxis and ride‑hailing services. The whole area is coordinated by RMV, with frequent services day and night and clear signage, network maps and journey planners to make getting around straightforward.
Public transport
Frankfurt’s urban mobility is anchored by RMV (Rhein‑Main‑Verkehrsverbund), which coordinates S‑Bahn, U‑Bahn, trams and buses across the city and wider region under one system for seamless interchanges. Timetables and line plans for all modes in Frankfurt are published centrally and updated regularly, making journey planning reliable.
S‑Bahn and U‑Bahn
The U‑Bahn forms the rapid transit backbone in the inner city, running mostly in tunnels in the centre and above ground further out; the network comprises nine lines with widespread coverage across key districts. The S‑Bahn Rhein‑Main links suburbs and the airport to central stations through core tunnels, integrating with U‑Bahn and tram stops for quick cross‑city journeys.
Trams and buses
Trams complement the rail network with surface routes through busy corridors and hubs, offering frequent stops and easy boarding that suit short hops across the compact core. A dense city bus network fills the gaps between rail corridors and runs to neighbourhoods beyond tram and metro coverage, with timetables available route‑by‑route.
Night travel
Overnight mobility is ensured by a coordinated night network: on weeknights, night buses mirror key tram and U‑Bahn corridors, while on weekend nights additional U‑Bahn services operate on selected lines to keep the city moving. In the north of Frankfurt, the on‑demand electric shuttle KNUT supplements night links without fixed routes, bookable when needed.
Tickets and passes
RMV offers citywide tickets valid across S‑Bahn, U‑Bahn, tram and bus, plus add‑ons for longer regional journeys, keeping transfers simple within the same fare system. Visitors on DB long‑distance trains can benefit from CityTicket eligibility for onward local travel in participating cities, which in Frankfurt can simplify first/last‑mile access. For sightseeing, the Frankfurt Card grants unlimited travel on local RMV services within the Frankfurt city area and includes attraction discounts, making it useful for short stays.
Apps and maps
The RMVgo app provides door‑to‑door journey planning with real‑time data and mobile ticketing, alongside integrated options for shared mobility to complete trips. Printable and mobile‑friendly network maps for S‑Bahn, U‑Bahn, trams, buses and the night network are available for quick reference when offline.
Walking and cycling
Central Frankfurt is compact and pleasant to explore on foot, with many sights clustered around the riverfront and the old town, so short inner‑city trips are often quickest by walking. Cyclists can use city streets and signed leisure routes, including the 60‑plus‑kilometre Grüngürtel (Green Belt) loop that circles the city through parks, forests and riverside paths.
Bike sharing
Two large schemes operate citywide: Call a Bike (Deutsche Bahn) and nextbike by TIER, both app‑based and available 24/7 at numerous docking locations and free‑floating zones. Bikes can typically be unlocked with a QR code and returned at designated stations or permitted areas as shown in the provider app.
E‑scooters
Shared e‑scooters are available and must be parked in permitted areas shown in the provider apps; in many places, parking is restricted to marked virtual bays, and users should leave at least 1.60 m of pavement clear when parking parallel to the kerb. Always follow in‑app rules and local signage to avoid restricted or no‑parking zones in busy pedestrian areas.
Taxis and ride‑hailing
Official taxis are widely available at signed ranks, by phone from city‑listed dispatch centres, and at major transport hubs including both airport terminals and the long‑distance station. Ride‑hailing services operate in Frankfurt and allow advance or on‑demand bookings via app for cross‑town trips or airport transfers.
Accessibility
Most U‑Bahn stations in the city area are step‑free, with lifts or ramps available; a small number still await upgrades, and VGF publishes station‑specific accessibility notes and assistance options. The city’s tourism pages also summarise barrier‑free facilities across attractions, rail hubs and the airport for smoother journeys.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Frankfurt is during the spring and autumn seasons, particularly from April to May and September to November. These periods offer mild weather, with temperatures ranging from 10°C to 20°C, making it ideal for exploring the city's vibrant culture and outdoor attractions. Spring brings blooming flowers and greenery to the city's parks, while autumn is characterised by stunning fall foliage. Summer, although warm and lively, can be quite crowded and expensive, whereas winter offers a festive atmosphere with Christmas markets but colder temperatures. Overall, visiting during the shoulder seasons provides a pleasant experience with fewer tourists and more reasonable prices.
