Introduction
Schwerin, the capital of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern in northeastern Germany, is the state's oldest city, first mentioned in 1018 and granted city rights in 1160. Known as the "Venice of the North", this charming city is built around seven lakes, with Schweriner See being the largest at 63 square kilometres. The city's iconic landmark is the fairy-tale Schwerin Castle, situated on an island in Lake Schwerin, which served as the residence of the Dukes of Mecklenburg for centuries and now houses the state parliament. Since 2024, the castle and surrounding residential buildings have been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. With just under 100,000 residents, Schwerin is Germany's smallest state capital, yet it offers a rich cultural experience through its State Museum with impressive art collections, the Gothic Schwerin Cathedral dating back to the 13th century, and a vibrant calendar of events including the Schlossfestspiele castle theatre festival.
Interesting Facts about Schwerin
- Schwerin is Germany's smallest state capital, with just under 100,000 residents.
- The city's iconic Schwerin Castle sits on an island in Lake Schwerin and boasts 365 turrets according to local legend.
- Known as the "City of Seven Lakes", Schwerin is surrounded by interconnected waterways that create picturesque reflections of its architecture.
- Schwerin Castle and its surrounding ensemble became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2024.
- The city's Gothic cathedral features a 117-metre tower added in the early 20th century to complete its medieval design.
- Schwerin's State Museum houses one of Germany's finest collections of 17th-century Dutch paintings.
- The historic Schelfstadt district contains the best-preserved examples of Baroque architecture in northern Germany.
- Schwerin served as the seat of power for Mecklenburg dukes and grand dukes for over seven centuries.
- The city hosts an annual dragon boat festival on Pfaffenteich lake, drawing competitors from across Europe.
- Schwerin's main railway station features Tudor-style architecture resembling an English country mansion.
History
Schwerin boasts a rich history that dates back to its origins as a Slavic settlement in the 10th century. Known as Zuarina, it was strategically located on the shores of Lake Schwerin. In 1160, Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony, conquered the region, establishing Schwerin as a German town and granting it city rights. Over the centuries, Schwerin evolved into a significant political and cultural centre, serving as the seat of the Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and later the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Its iconic Schwerin Castle, built on an island in Lake Schwerin, became the residence of the dukes and grand dukes, symbolising the city's prominence.
The 19th century marked a period of transformation for Schwerin, particularly under the vision of Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II. Renowned architects like Gottfried Semper and Friedrich August Stüler were commissioned to redesign Schwerin Castle, resulting in its current Romantic historicist style. This era also saw the development of the castle gardens, blending Baroque and 19th-century mixed styles. Despite suffering damage during World War I and subsequent political upheavals, the castle remained a central feature of Schwerin, transitioning from a ducal residence to housing the state parliament of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern after German reunification in 1990.
Today, Schwerin is celebrated for its well-preserved historical architecture and cultural heritage. The city's skyline is dominated by the golden dome of Schwerin Castle, the towers of Schwerin Cathedral, and other historic landmarks. Its relatively untouched state during World War II has allowed Schwerin to retain its old-world charm, making it a popular destination for visitors seeking to explore its rich history and picturesque surroundings. The city continues to thrive as a cultural hub, hosting festivals and events that celebrate its storied past and vibrant present.
Main Attractions
Schwerin Castle (Schloss Schwerin)
Situated on a small island in Lake Schwerin, this stunning castle is the city's most famous landmark and considered one of the most important monuments to Historicist architecture in Germany and Europe. The castle's origins trace back to the 10th century when a Slavic fortress was established on the island, offering strategic protection and dominance over the surrounding area. In 1160, Henry the Lion conquered the region, and the Slavic fortress was destroyed to make way for a new fort, marking the beginning of German rule.
Over the centuries, the castle grew in importance, becoming the seat of the Dukes and later the Grand Dukes of Mecklenburg. The castle underwent its most dramatic transformation during the 19th century under Grand Duke Friedrich Franz II, when renowned architects like Gottfried Semper and Friedrich August Stüler were commissioned to create a masterpiece of Historicism. This era saw the construction of the castle's iconic towers, domes, and opulent interiors.
The castle features 653 rooms spread across five wings, a magnificent throne room with columns made from Carrara marble and gilded cast-iron doors, and an ancestral portrait gallery. Its multiple façades allow it to be appreciated from all angles, functioning as an architectural link between the princely seat and the natural landscape. The castle's current appearance largely stems from extensive renovations between 1843 and 1857, making it a prime example of Historicism, an architectural style that draws inspiration from various historical periods.
Castle Gardens (Schlossgarten)
The castle gardens are considered one of the most impressive baroque gardens in Northern Germany. Spanning over 50 acres, the garden began as a French-style pleasance and started its transformation in 1748 when architect Jean Legeay envisioned the cross channel to be the centre, surrounded by sculptures from the manufacture of the famous Saxon sculptor Balthasar Permoser.
Based on plans by Lenné (the Prussian "Gardening Pope"), the garden was expanded in the 19th century. While the general atmosphere remained baroque, the immediate surroundings, including the Greenhouse Garden and the shore area of the lake, became a classical English design. The garden combines elements of English landscape design by the lakeside of the island, followed by Italian architecture towards the palace building with its terraces, typical of Roman parks and villas.
Features include parkways, arcades, flower beds, sculptures, and a cross channel. The garden also includes a charming orangery, a delicate construction of cast iron and glass that is unique in Germany. This 19th-century architectural gem can be found to the left of the main entrance when walking through the castle garden.
Old Town (Altstadt)
Schwerin's Old Town beckons with an enchanting journey through time, where cobblestone streets and historic architecture tell tales of centuries gone by. Steeped in medieval charm, the Old Town invites visitors to wander through its narrow alleys lined with colourful half-timbered houses, each with its own unique character.
The Markt, the central square, serves as a bustling hub surrounded by quaint shops and cafés. The square's history dates back to the city's founding in 1160, and it has been the centre of Schwerin's political, economic, and religious life for centuries. Originally rectangular and about 60 x 20 metres in size, it was doubled after the great city fire in 1651. The fire destroyed nearly all of Schwerin's Old Town but led to its current layout with stately baroque gabled houses replacing earlier structures.
Marktplatz and Schlachtermarkt
The Marktplatz forms the centre of Schwerin's Old Town. Notable buildings include the Town Hall with its "golden rider" symbolising city founder Henry the Lion. The current Town Hall features Tudor-style architecture added in 1835 by Georg Adolf Demmler.
The Schlachtermarkt is located directly behind the Town Hall and features charming market stalls as well as a "Bull Fountain" telling local legends. This area remains lively with markets selling flowers and fresh produce.
Alter Garten
This central square is framed by magnificent buildings such as Mecklenburg's State Theatre and State Museum. Its rectangular shape is bordered on two sides by Lake Schwerin and Burgsee. The square serves as an elegant forecourt to Schwerin Castle while offering beautiful views of surrounding water bodies.
Schwerin Cathedral (Schweriner Dom)
An impressive example of Brick Gothic architecture dating back to 1172 when construction began under Henry the Lion. The cathedral features soaring vaults and a tower standing at 117.5 metres tall – one of Mecklenburg’s tallest structures.
Lake Schwerin
The vast Lake Schwerin surrounds much of Schwerin Castle’s grounds. It is part of northern Germany’s Mecklenburg Lake District and offers serene landscapes perfect for relaxation or exploration by boat or footpaths along its shores.
Schwerin Zoo
A family-friendly attraction located amidst natural greenery featuring over 650 animals from diverse species such as lions or Siberian tigers roaming wide enclosures designed sustainably prioritising welfare alongside conservation efforts globally endangered species thrive here too!
Top Museums
Art and History Museums
State Museum Schwerin
The Staatliches Museum Schwerin, a cornerstone of Schwerin's cultural landscape since its establishment in 1882, is more than just a repository of artefacts; it's a journey through centuries of artistic expression and regional history. Housed in a dedicated building, the museum is celebrated for its diverse collections, each telling its unique story.
One of its most prized possessions is the Neustädt Altarpiece, a magnificent example of medieval artistry that showcases the religious fervour and artistic skill of the era. The altarpiece, with its intricate carvings and vibrant colours, provides a fascinating glimpse into the spiritual and cultural life of the time.
The museum's collection of 17th-century Dutch and Flemish paintings is equally impressive, featuring works by renowned masters of the period. These paintings, known for their realism, detail, and rich colours, offer a window into the world of the Dutch Golden Age, with scenes of everyday life, portraits, and landscapes that capture the spirit of the time.
Beyond painting, the museum boasts a significant collection of Fürstenberg porcelain, a testament to the region's history of craftsmanship and artistic innovation. These delicate and beautifully decorated pieces showcase the skill of the artisans and the elegance of the era.
Perhaps most surprisingly, the State Museum Schwerin also houses one of Europe's most substantial collections of works by Marcel Duchamp, a key figure in the development of modern art. With 90 pieces, the collection offers a comprehensive overview of Duchamp's innovative and often provocative work, from his early paintings to his groundbreaking "readymades."
Schwerin Castle Museum
Schwerin Castle, dramatically situated on an island in the midst of the city's lakes and gardens, stands as a symbol of Schwerin and a testament to the romantic historicism style of architecture. More than just a pretty façade, the castle houses a museum that invites visitors to step back in time and experience the opulent lifestyle of Mecklenburg's dukes.
The museum takes you through the castle's most impressive rooms, including the Throne Room, where rulers once held court, and the Ancestral Gallery, filled with portraits of the ducal family. These spaces are lavishly decorated with exquisite paintings, sculptures, and meticulously crafted furniture, reflecting the grandeur and elegance of 19th-century Schwerin.
The exhibits showcase the ducal collections, reflecting the wealth and artistic tastes of the rulers who once resided here. From elaborate tapestries to delicate porcelain, the museum offers a glimpse into the world of the Schwerin court.
Visiting the Schwerin Castle Museum is like stepping into a fairy tale, where the past comes alive in all its splendour and romance.
Open Air Museum of Ethnography Schwerin Mueß
The Open Air Museum of Ethnography in Schwerin Mueß offers a living history experience, transporting visitors back in time to explore the rural life and traditions of Mecklenburg. Located in the former fishing and farming village of Mueß, the museum features a collection of original buildings that have been carefully relocated from across the region.
These buildings, including farmhouses, barns, workshops, and even a village school, provide a tangible connection to the past, allowing visitors to imagine what life was like for the people who lived and worked in these spaces. The museum isn't just about static displays; it comes alive with interactive exhibits and live demonstrations of traditional crafts.
Visitors can witness blacksmiths at work, watch weavers create textiles, and learn about traditional farming techniques. The museum also hosts special events and festivals throughout the year, celebrating the region's cultural heritage with music, dance, and traditional food.
Specialty Museums
Flippermuseum Schwerin
The Flippermuseum Schwerin is a vibrant celebration of arcade culture, inviting visitors of all ages to relive the golden age of pinball and video games. With over 100 machines spanning nine decades, the museum offers a comprehensive journey through the history of arcade entertainment.
From classic electromechanical pinball machines to early video game cabinets, the museum's collection showcases the evolution of arcade technology and design. But the Flippermuseum is not just a place to look at old machines; it's a place to play them. Visitors are encouraged to put their skills to the test and experience the thrill of flippers and joysticks.
The museum also features jukeboxes that play classic tunes, adding to the nostalgic atmosphere. Whether you're a seasoned gamer or a curious newcomer, the Flippermuseum Schwerin offers a fun and engaging experience for everyone.
Mecklenburg Railway and Technology Museum
While perhaps not as widely known as some of the other museums, the Mecklenburg Railway and Technology Museum is still a noteworthy stop for anyone interested in local history and technological development. Founded with a passion for preserving the region's railway heritage, the museum offers insights into the evolution of transportation and engineering in Mecklenburg.
International Fire Brigade Museum
This museum is dedicated to fire fighting and rescue, with a focus on Mecklenburg but also covering international fire brigades.
Schleifmühle Schwerin
The Schleifmühle Schwerin offers a unique glimpse into the world of mechanical stone processing. This historic demonstration plant features a water wheel and machinery used to grind stones.
Local Cuisine
Schwerin's culinary landscape beautifully reflects its northeastern German heritage and natural surroundings. The city's cuisine is hearty and down-to-earth, featuring an abundance of fresh fish from Lake Schwerin and the Baltic coastline. Visitors should sample local specialties like Mecklenburger Rippenbraten (Mecklenburg-style rib roast) and Kloppschinken, traditional pork dishes that showcase the region's agricultural roots. Fish enthusiasts will delight in Stralsunder fish pot, a classic offering of Mecklenburg cuisine, whilst the fish rolls from establishments like De Fischjung are considered amongst the best in Northern Germany. Potatoes, affectionately called Tüften by locals, feature prominently as accompaniments to most meals. For those with a sweet tooth, Rode Grütt (rote Grütze) made from fresh berries and served with custard, and Klütersuppe, a fruit soup with small dough balls, provide the perfect conclusion to a hearty meal. The dining scene in Schwerin ranges from traditional German restaurants to modern European eateries, all complemented by excellent local beers such as Hennings, an unfiltered brew from a local brewery.
Shopping
Schwerin offers diverse shopping experiences for visitors of all budgets. The Schlosspark-Center, located in the heart of the city, is a modern shopping complex featuring around 120 shops across three floors, including fashion retailers, technology stores, and food outlets. It's open Monday to Saturday from 9:30 am to 8:00 pm and includes a 24-hour parking garage with approximately 1,100 spaces. Another significant shopping venue is the Schweriner Arcaden, housing over 100 stores selling everything from fashion and accessories to electronics and home goods. For those seeking unique items, the Altstadt (Old Town) is home to independent boutiques, antique shops and specialty stores perfect for finding one-of-a-kind souvenirs. Mueßer Straße is a popular shopping street featuring both international brands and local shops. Luxury shoppers can visit Luxus Boulevard for high-end boutiques and designer goods. The Schweriner Wochenmarkt, a weekly market in the city centre, offers fresh produce, baked goods and local specialties every Saturday. During December, the Schweriner Weihnachtsmarkt (Christmas market) provides festive goods and gifts.
Nature in and around Schwerin
Schwerin, known as the "City of Seven Lakes," is surrounded by a picturesque landscape of water and forests. The city's natural attractions are centred around Lake Schwerin, the fourth-largest inland body of water in Germany, which offers opportunities for sailing, kayaking, and stand-up paddleboarding. The Schlossgarten, a 25-hectare park designed in the English garden style, provides a peaceful retreat with scenic walking paths and manicured flowerbeds. Nature enthusiasts can explore the Adebors Näs headland on Franzosenweg, a secluded spot offering views of Schwerin Castle and the cathedral. The nearby Kaninchenwerder Island, a nature reserve and bird sanctuary, allows visitors to hike through untouched forests and possibly spot rare wildlife such as otters. For those interested in organic farming, the Medewege organic farm on the outskirts of Schwerin offers guided tours and locally produced treats. The city is also surrounded by extensive networks of lakeside trails and paths, perfect for hiking and cycling enthusiasts.
Getting There & Around
Schwerin is well-connected to major German cities through various transportation options. The most convenient way to reach Schwerin is by train, with regular services from cities like Berlin, Hamburg and Rostock. From Berlin, you can take a direct ODEG train from Alexanderplatz to Schwerin Mitte, which takes approximately 2 hours 44 minutes and costs between €22-35. Alternatively, a faster option involves taking a high-speed ICE/IC/EC train to Ludwigslust and then switching to a regional train, reducing travel time to about 1 hour 50 minutes. Budget travellers might prefer FlixBus, which operates services from Berlin's central bus station to Schwerin central train station, taking around 2 hours 40 minutes to 3 hours with tickets from €8-18. For those preferring to drive, Schwerin is easily accessible via the A24 and A14 motorways, with the journey from Berlin taking approximately 2 hours 14 minutes and costing between €33-47.
Best Time to Visit
The best time to visit Schwerin is during the summer months of June, July, and August. During this period, the city enjoys its warmest temperatures, with average highs ranging from 21°C to 23°C, providing ideal conditions for outdoor activities and sightseeing. These months also offer the longest daylight hours, perfect for exploring the city's stunning attractions, including the fairy-tale Schwerin Castle and the picturesque Lake Schwerin. However, it's worth noting that summer is also the peak tourist season, so expect larger crowds and higher accommodation prices. For those seeking a quieter experience with pleasant weather, late spring (May) and early autumn (September) are excellent alternatives, offering comfortable temperatures and the added bonus of blooming gardens or beautiful fall colours, respectively.
