In medieval times, all cities and most towns were protected by walls or ramparts. With the expansion of cities as a consequence of the agricultural and industrial revolutions, the end of siege warfare, most ramparts were torn down.
Only a dozen cities and towns in France have maintained their complete fortifications. Here are the most attractive ones.
Carcassonne, Languedoc-Roussillon
Villeneuve-lès-Avignon, Languedoc-Roussillon
Aigues-Mortes, Languedoc-Roussillon
Avignon, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provins, Île-de-France
Guérande, Pays de la Loire
Saint-Malo, Brittany
Vannes, Brittany










