| Contents |
|---|
Introduction
Dinan is a historic walled town located in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany, northwestern France, perched above the River Rance estuary. Renowned for its well-preserved medieval architecture, Dinan features half-timbered houses dating back to the 13th and 14th centuries, alongside elegant 18th-century granite buildings. The town's notable landmarks include the Château de la Duchesse Anne, a granite castle built by the Dukes of Brittany in the 14th and 15th centuries, the Tour de l'Horloge (15th-century belfry), and extensive sections of its original city walls from the 11th century. Dinan is also known for its picturesque port area along the Rance, connected to the upper town by steep cobbled streets such as Rue Jerzual. The town hosts popular events such as the biennial Fête des Remparts, celebrating its medieval heritage.
Interesting Facts about Dinan
- Dinan's impressive city walls, dating back to the 13th century, stretch for 2,700 metres and include 14 guard towers, of which 10 still remain.
- The town's half-timbered houses, some of which have been standing since the 13th and 14th centuries, are amongst the oldest complete buildings in Europe.
- Dinan miraculously escaped Allied bombings during World War II, preserving its medieval centre as one of the best in Brittany.
- The steep Rue du Jerzual and Rue du Petit Fort have existed since at least the 12th century and lead down to the picturesque Port de Dinan on the Rance River.
- Dinan's clock tower, Tour de l'Horloge, symbolises the power of the bourgeoisie and houses a bell gifted by Anne of Brittany.
- The Château de Dinan, built in 1382, now houses a museum showcasing the town's fascinating local history.
- Dinan hosts a Ramparts Festival every two years in July, celebrating its medieval heritage with great fanfare.
- The town is known for its local pastry speciality, the Kouign Amann, a delicious puffy, caramelised-butter cake.
- Dinan's Jacobins Theatre, which doesn't look particularly special, actually dates back to 1224.
- During restoration work at the Galerie d'art "le gisant", a 14th-century statue was discovered casually lying in the building's basement.
History
Originally a Gallic fort and later a Roman garrison, Dinan's strategic location at the crossroads of a major highway and the River Rance has long been of vital importance. The town's defining feature, its impressive fortifications, were erected in the 13th century when Dinan became a duchy of France. These walls, stretching 2.7 kilometres and featuring 10 of the original 14 towers, have withstood the test of time, including two 14th-century attacks by the English.
The 15th century marked a prosperous era for Dinan, with the bourgeoisie amassing wealth through trade and crafts. This period saw the construction of the Clock Tower, or Tour de l'Horloge, in the 1470s as a symbol of the town's growing political influence. The tower later became a belfry in 1507 with the addition of a bell and clockwork. Dinan's strategic importance continued to grow, and in the late 14th century, John IV, Duke of Brittany, built the imposing Dinan Castle, rivalling even the royal Château de Vincennes in its architectural complexity and lavish décor.
Today, Dinan stands as a remarkably well-preserved medieval gem, with over 130 half-timbered houses dating from the 15th to 18th centuries. These magnificent residences, adorned with corbels, porches, and shop windows, offer a glimpse into the quality of dwellings from centuries past. The town's medieval charm extends to its legendary Rue du Jerzual and Rue du Petit Fort, which have connected the harbour and upper town for ten centuries. These cobbled streets, lined with artisan workshops and medieval houses, transport visitors back in time, making Dinan a truly enchanting destination for history enthusiasts and travellers alike.
Main Attractions
The Historic Centre
The heart of Dinan is its historic centre, a maze of cobbled streets lined with half-timbered houses dating from the 15th to 18th centuries. This area is a living testament to the town’s medieval past and remains remarkably intact. Key streets to explore include Rue de l’Horloge, which leads to the iconic clock tower, and Rue du Petit Fort, a steep and picturesque street descending to the port area. Many of these streets are dotted with artisan shops, cafes, and boutiques housed in centuries-old buildings. The Place des Cordeliers is another highlight, with its open square surrounded by historic architecture. Walking through the historic centre feels like stepping back in time, with every corner revealing new architectural details.
The Ramparts
Dinan’s ramparts are among the most extensive and best-preserved in Brittany. Built between the 13th and 16th centuries, they stretch for 2.7 kilometres and encircle much of the old town. The walls were originally constructed to defend Dinan during its strategic role in medieval conflicts. Today, visitors can explore sections of the ramparts and enjoy sweeping views of the town and surrounding countryside. The ramparts feature ten surviving towers (out of an original fourteen) and four fortified gates. Notable gates include the Saint-Malo Gate, which served as a key entry point to the town, and the Jerzual Gate, located near Rue du Jerzual. Walking along these ancient walls provides a unique perspective on Dinan’s history as a fortified stronghold.
Château de Dinan
The Château de Dinan is an integral part of the town’s fortifications and offers insight into medieval military architecture. Built in the late 14th century by Duke John IV of Brittany, it consists of a large keep connected to a smaller tower by a curtain wall. The château was designed not only as a defensive structure but also as a residence for Breton dukes. Key features include the Tower of Coetquen, which once served as a military watchtower, and the Ducal Tower, which showcases elements of princely life during medieval times. The château also includes underground passageways such as the Mercoeur Passage from the 16th century. Its imposing structure dominates Dinan’s skyline and serves as a reminder of its strategic importance during Brittany’s turbulent history.
Tour de l’Horloge (Clock Tower)
The Tour de l’Horloge is one of Dinan’s most iconic landmarks. Built in the late 15th century, this clock tower rises to 43 metres and offers panoramic views over the town and surrounding countryside from its summit. The tower has an octagonal design from its fourth floor upward and is topped with a gabled roof covered in Sizun slate—a distinctive feature of Breton architecture. Visitors can climb 158 steps to reach the top viewing platform. Inside, you’ll find one of France’s oldest surviving clock mechanisms from 1498 on display. The clock itself was gifted to Dinan by Anne of Brittany, who was both Duchess of Brittany and Queen of France.
Basilica of Saint-Sauveur
The Basilica of Saint-Sauveur is one of Dinan’s most significant religious buildings and combines Romanesque and Gothic architectural styles. Construction began in the 12th century but continued over several centuries, resulting in an eclectic mix of designs. The Romanesque doorway features intricate carvings that depict biblical scenes alongside fantastical creatures—a hallmark of medieval religious art. Inside, visitors will find vaulted ceilings and impressive stained glass windows that cast colourful light onto the stone interior. Behind the basilica lies an English-style garden established in 1852, offering a peaceful retreat with views over the Rance Valley below. The basilica also holds historical significance as it houses the heart of Bertrand du Guesclin, a celebrated Breton knight who played a key role during the Hundred Years’ War.
Church of Saint-Malo
Located on Grande Rue in the north-eastern part of Dinan’s old town, the Church of Saint-Malo is another important religious site. Construction began in 1490 but spanned several centuries, resulting in an architectural blend that includes Gothic elements alongside Renaissance influences. Its façade features intricate stonework typical of late Gothic design, while its interior contains modern stained glass windows that add vibrant colour to its otherwise austere stone walls. The church stands as a testament to Dinan’s long history as an important religious centre in Brittany.
Rue du Jerzual
Rue du Jerzual is one of Dinan’s most famous streets and serves as a link between the upper town and the port area below. This steep cobbled street is lined with beautifully preserved medieval houses that now house artisan workshops selling pottery, jewellery, textiles, and other handmade goods. Historically, Rue du Jerzual was an important route for merchants transporting goods between Dinan’s port on the River Rance and its market square in the upper town. Walking down this street provides not only stunning views but also an opportunity to experience Dinan’s vibrant artisan culture.
Port de Dinan
At the foot of Rue du Jerzual lies Port de Dinan on the banks of the River Rance. This picturesque port area was once vital for trade but now serves primarily as a leisure destination for visitors and locals alike. The port is lined with charming stone buildings that house restaurants and cafes offering riverside dining options. From here, visitors can take boat trips along the Rance or simply enjoy walking along its scenic towpaths. The port area provides a quieter contrast to Dinan’s bustling upper town while still retaining its historical character.
Top Museums
Musée du Rail de Dinan
The Musée du Rail de Dinan is a must-visit for train enthusiasts. Located in the heart of Dinan, this museum showcases the region's railway heritage through an impressive collection of model railways in 1:87 and 1:43 scales. Visitors can explore static and dynamic model collections, watch video projections, and see a reconstructed 1889 Vignier signal box. The museum also features a gift shop and a film area, making it a delightful experience for both children and adults.
Musée Yvonne Jean-Haffen (Maison d'artiste de la Grande Vigne)
Situated in the picturesque port area of Dinan, the Musée Yvonne Jean-Haffen is housed in the former home and studio of the artist Yvonne Jean-Haffen. This museum showcases her artwork, including paintings and ceramics, and offers a glimpse into her life and inspirations. The house, now owned by the city of Dinan, retains its original charm and features personal items from the artist's life. It is a haven for art lovers and those interested in the region's cultural history.
Musée 39-45
Located in Léhon, near Dinan, the Musée 39-45 is a military museum dedicated to the history of World War II. The museum boasts an extensive collection of over 20,000 artefacts, including artillery pieces, period vehicles, and uniforms. It offers a comprehensive look at the war, focusing on the Resistance, deportation, and liberation. Visitors can explore reconstructions such as a German convoy and a blockhouse with authentic equipment, providing a poignant insight into the past.
Local Cuisine
Visitors must try galettes, savoury buckwheat crêpes typically filled with ingredients like ham, cheese, and eggs, often paired with a glass of Breton cider. For dessert, indulge in Kouign Amann, a buttery and caramelised pastry that is as decadent as it is delicious. Seafood enthusiasts will relish Bouchot mussels from Mont-Saint-Michel Bay or the delicate Bay of Saint-Brieuc scallops. Another must-try is Mont-Saint-Michel salt-meadow lamb, renowned for its tender and subtly salty flavour. To complete the experience, enjoy a slice of Breton far, a pudding-like cake, or sip on Chouchen, a traditional honey-based alcoholic drink. Dinan’s cuisine perfectly complements its picturesque streets and historic charm.
Getting There & Around
The nearest TGV stations are in Rennes, Lamballe, and Saint-Malo, all within 30-45 minutes of Dinan. For those arriving by train, the town has its own TER station on the Dinan/Dol-de-Bretagne line. Once in Dinan, visitors can explore the compact medieval centre on foot, taking in the charming cobbled streets and historic architecture. For those wishing to venture further, several bus lines connect Dinan to nearby towns and attractions. The BreizhGo network offers regional coach services, with Line 7 connecting Dinan to Rennes and Line 10 linking Dinan and Saint-Malo. Within the town, a free minibus service operates Tuesday to Saturday, providing a convenient way to reach key areas. For more flexible travel options, taxis are available, and some visit