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Ecological Maps of Europe

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General Ecological Assessment


Environmental Performance Index (2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022. As the most comprehensive global environmental analysis ever published, the 2022 EPI leverages 40 performance indicators grouped into 11 issue categories. These issue categories are in turn aggregated into 3 policy objectives: Environmental Health, Ecosystem Vitality, and Climate Change.

Map showing the Environment Performance Index score by country in and around Europe




Species Protection Index (2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022. The Species Protection Index (SPI) measures how well a country's terrestrial protected areas overlap with the ranges of its vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant species.

Map showing the Species Protection Index score by country in and around Europe




Species Habitat Index (2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022. The Species Habitat Index (SHI) measures the proportion of suitable habitats for a country's species that remain intact, relative to a baseline set in the year 2001. While the SHI can be calculated for single species, Map of Life aggregates these metrics into a single score, with each species weighted according to the proportion of their global range that is found within the country. This weighting scheme encourages countries to take special care to ensure the protection of rare or endemic species. The SHI serves as a proxy for potential population losses and the extinction risk to individual species. A score of 100 indicates that a country has experienced no habitat loss since the year 2001, and a score of 0 indicates the worst levels of habitat loss.

Map showing the Species Habitat Index score by country in and around Europe




Ecosystem Vitality Index (2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022. The Ecosystem Vitality policy objective measures how well countries are preserving, protecting, and enhancing ecosystems and the services they provide. It is made up of six categories: Biodiversity & Habitat, Ecosystem Services, Fisheries, Acid Rain, Agriculture, and Water Resources.

Map showing the Ecosystem Vitality Index score by country in and around Europe




Ecological footprint per person in global hectares (gha) (2016)

This map is based on the data from Global Footprint Network for 2016. Global hectares (gha) are the measurement unit for the ecological footprint of people or activities and the biocapacity of the earth or its regions. A global hectare is a biologically productive hectare (2.471 acres) with world average biological productivity for a given year.

Map of ecological footprint per person in gha in and around Europe




Greenhouse gas intensity growth rate (2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022. The Greenhouse gas intensity growth rate indicates countries' progress in decoupling emissions from economic growth. This indicator highlights the need for action on climate change mitigation in countries at all income levels. A score of 100 indicates that a country is successfully decoupling, with decreasing GHG intensity (<5th-percentile of all growth rates), and a score of 0 indicates increasing GHG intensity (>95th-percentile).

Map showing the Greenhouse gas intensity growth rate score by country in and around Europe



Recycling


Waste Management Index (Yale - 2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022. The Waste Management issue category recognizes the threats of solid waste to human and environmental health. It is based on three indicators: controlled solid waste, recycling rates, and ocean plastic pollution.

Map of Waste Management Index in and around Europe




Municipal waste recycling rates in Europe (Eurostat 2018)

This map was made using data from Eurostat (2018) and other sources.

Map of recycling rates in Europe




Packaging waste recovery rate (Eurostat 2017)

This map was made using data from Eurostat for 2017. The recovery rate is the recycling rate + 'energy recovery' and ‘incineration with energy recovery’.

Map of packaging waste recovery rates in Europe



Pollution


Air Quality Index (2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022. It consists of seven indicators: PM2.5 exposure, household solid fuels, ozone exposure, nitrogen oxides exposure, sulfur dioxide exposure, carbon monoxide exposure, and volatile organic compound exposure.

Map showing the Air Quality Index score by country in and around Europe




Percentage of deaths due to air pollution (2017)

This map is based on the data from Our World in Data for 2017.

Map showing the percentage of deaths from air pollution in and around Europe




Quality of sanitation and drinking water (2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022.

Map of the quality of sanitation and drinking water in and around Europe




Percentage of bathing waters rated as excellent (2021)

This map is based on the data from European Environment Agency (EEA) for 2021 (2020 for the United Kingdom).

Map showing the percentage of bathing waters rated as excellent in Europe



Ecological agriculture & food choices


Percentage of organic agriculture (Eurostat 2018)

This map is based on the data from Eurostat for 2018. Organic argiculture does not use chemicals that are harmful for health and for the environment.

Map of organic agriculture in Europe




Sustainable pesticide use (2022)

This map is based on the data from Yale University's Environment Performance Index (EPI) for 2022.

Map showing the sustainable pesticide use by country in and around Europe




Consumption of Fairtrade products per capita (2015)

This map was made using data from FiBL-AMI survey 2017. Fairtrade products promotes sustainable development thanks to higher social and environmental standards in developing countries. Buying Fairtrade coffee, cocoa and bananas in particular help preserving the tropical rainforest and its biodiversity and reduce global warming.

Map of consumption of Fairtrade products per capita in Europe




Food Sustainability Index (The Economist & Barilla 2018)

This map is based on the data from Food Sustainability Index developed by the Economist Intelligence Unit in cooperation with Barilla.

Map of Food Sustainability Index in and around Europe




Food Waste Index (UNEP 2021)

This map is based on the data from UNEP Food Waste Index Report 2021.

Map of Food Waste Index in and around Europe




Beef consumption per capita in kg per year (2013)

This map is based on the data from Our World in Data for 2013. About 9% of global greenhouse gas emissions are caused by the methane emitted from cattle flatulence. Additionally, large swathes of the Amazon rainforest are being destroyed (usually burned) to expand cattle ranching. Tropical deforestation itself is responsible for 10% of global warming, and about half of it comes from the Amazon region. In other words, nearly 15% of total greenhouse has emissions are caused directly or indirectly by cattle farming. To put this in perspective, the aviation industry is responsible for "only" 3.5% of global greenhouse gas emissions. This is why reducing beef consumption is an essential step in fighting climate change. The world's biggest beef eaters by far are the Argentinians, Brazilians, Americans and Australians.

Map of beef consumption per capita in and around Europe



Energy production & consumption


Percentage of electricity produced from low CO2 sources (nuclear, hydro, wind, solar)

This map is based on the data from Wikipedia, combining the percentages of nuclear power and renewable electricity production (following the links for each country for the latest data) as of 2020-21.

Map showing the percentage of electricity produced from low CO2 sources (nuclear, hydro, wind, solar) in and around Europe




Renewable energy as percentage of primary energy supply (OECD 2020)

This map is based on the data from OECD for 2020.

Map of renewable energy rates in Europe




Solar energy as percentage of total consumption

This map is based on the data from Wikipedia for 2019 and other sources. Solar power is only one of several sources of renewable energy. Despite its high potential in Mediterranean and Middle Eastern countries, it is still very underexploited in many countries.

Map of solar energy share in Europe




Market share of electric & hybrid cars (2021)

This map was made by calculating average percentages from various sources for 2021, including the European Environment Agency, InsideEVs and CleanTechnica.

Map showing the market share of electric & hybrid cars in 2021 in and around Europe




Average age of vehicle fleet (2018)

This map was made using data from ACEA (2018) and other sources. The automobile industry has been reducing carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions steadily on new car models year after year. This is why newer cars generally not only pollute less but also cause less global warming than older models.

Map of age of cars by country in Europe




Petrol (gasoline) consumption per capita in litres per day (2016)

This map is based on the data from Global Petrol Prices for 2016.

Map of petrol (gasoline) consumption per capita in litres in and around Europe




Natural gas consumption per capita in cubic metres per year (2019)

This map is based on the data from CIA World Factbook for 2019.

Map of natural gas consumption per capita in m3 in and around Europe




Carbon dioxide emissions in tonnes per capita per year (EDGAR 2018)

This map is based on the data from Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) for 2018.

Map of CO2 emissions per capita in and around Europe



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The content of this page is purely indicative and subject to changes, approximations or errors.

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