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Distribution of European Y-chromosome DNA (Y-DNA) haplogroups by country in percentage

Last update : June 2017 (revised Cyprus, Czech Republic, Romania and Iran)
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Human Y-chromosome DNA can be divided in genealogical groups sharing a common ancestor. These are called haplogroups. To know what ancient ethnic group is associated with each haplogroup, please check European Haplogroups : origins, geographic spread and relation to ethnic groups.

Note that figures are only indicative. Several sources were used and averages recalculated by merging the data available. Being approximations, numbers were rounded up to 0.5%. Frequencies inferior to 0.25% are indicated as 0%. A non-exhaustive list of the sources used for this page can be found here.

Ethnicities by haplogroup (simplified - subclades used for specifics)


=> Sort countries by region
Region/Haplogroup I1 I2*/I2a I2b R1a R1b G J2 J*/J1 E1b1b T Q N Sample size
Albania 2 12 1.5 9 16 1.5 19.5 2 27.5 1 0 0
Austria 12 7 2.5 19 32 7.5 9 1 8 1 0.5 0.5
  • Tyrol
  • 16 1 2.5 14 42 7.5 9 - 5.5 1 0.5 0
    Belarus 5.5 17.5 1 51 5.5 1.5 2.5 1 4 0 0 10
    Belgium 12 3 4.5 4 61 4 4 1 5 1 0.5 0
    Bosnia-Herzegovina 4.5 50.5 0 18 3.5 1.5 5.5 1 11.5 0.5 0.5 1
  • Bosniaks
  • 4 53.5 0 18 3.5 1.5 5 0.5 9 0 0.5 1
  • Bosnian Croats
  • 0 71 2 12 2 1 1 0 9 0 0 0
  • Bosnian Serbs
  • 7.5 32.5 0.5 20 3.5 1 8.5 3.5 17.5 1 0 1
    Bulgaria 4 20 2 17 11 5 11 3 23.5 1.5 0.5 0.5
    Croatia 5.5 37 1 24 8.5 2.5 6 1 10 0.5 1 0.5
    Czech Republic 7.5 8.5 3 33 28 5 4 1 6.5 0.5 0 2.5
    Cyprus 0.5 4 0 3.5 9.5 13 28.5 9.5 24.5 2.5 0.5 1
  • Greek Cypriots
  • 0.5 3 0 3.5 11 12.5 31.5 7.5 25 2 0.5 0
  • Turkish Cypriots
  • 0.5 5.5 0 3.5 6.5 14 23.5 10 23 3.5 1 2
    Denmark 34 2 5.5 15 33 2.5 3 0 2.5 0 1 1
  • Greenland
  • 14.5 0 2 9 21.5 0 2 0 0.5 0 49.5 0
    England 14 2.5 4.5 4.5 67 1.5 3.5 0 2 0.5 0.5 0
    Estonia 15 3 0.5 32 8 0 1 0 2.5 3.5 0.5 34
    Finland 28 0 0.5 5 3.5 0 0 0 0.5 0 0 61.5
    France 8.5 3 3.5 3 58.5 5.5 6 1.5 7.5 1 0.5 0
  • Alsace
  • 8 1 3 3 55 6 8 1 10 4 1 0
  • Auvergne
  • 2 1 1.5 5.5 52.5 9 8 3.5 12.5 4.5 0 0
  • Brittany
  • 8 1 4.5 0.5 80 2 2.5 0.5 0.5 0 0 0
  • Corsica
  • 0 18.5 1 0 49 7.5 14 0 8 0.5 0 0
  • Flanders-Artois
  • 13 2.5 1 2.5 61 6 2.5 0 12 0 0 0
  • Ile-de-France
  • 2.5 2 2 3.5 57.5 3.5 6.5 1 20.5 0 0 0.5
  • Midi-Pyrénées
  • 2.5 5 2.5 4 61 4 8.5 4 7.5 1 0 0
  • Normandy
  • 7 4 2 1 76 0 2 1 5 0 1 0
  • Poitou-Saintonge
  • 1.5 3 0 0 74.5 7.5 6 0 1.5 0 0 0
  • Provence
  • 2 4 1 5 58 7.5 8.5 1 10.5 1 2 0
  • Rhône-Alpes
  • 7 1.5 2.5 5 66.5 5 2.5 0 5 0 5 0
    Germany 16 1.5 4.5 16 44.5 5 4.5 0 5.5 1 0.5 1
  • North Germany
  • 18.5 0.5 7.5 22 36 3.5 4 0.5 2.5 1 2 1.5
  • East Germany
  • 16.5 1.5 5 24 36 4 2 0 7.5 1 1 1
  • West Germany
  • 12.5 2.5 6.5 9 47 5 5 0 8 1.5 0.5 2
  • South Germany
  • 10.5 4.5 3 9.5 48.5 8 5.5 1 8 1.5 0.5 0.5
    Greece 3.5 9.5 1.5 11.5 15.5 6.5 23 3 21 4.5 0 0
  • North Greece
  • 5.5 16 1 18 13 4.5 15 2.5 20.5 4 0 0
  • Central Greece
  • 3.5 7 3.5 11 11.5 6 19 3.5 29.5 5 0 0
  • South Greece
  • 1.5 9 1 10.5 20.5 3.5 19.5 1 27 4.5 0 0
  • Crete
  • 4 7 1 9 15 9.5 34 5 11 4 0.5 0
  • Aegean Islands
  • 3 3 2.5 10 19 8.5 20 3 22 6 0 0
    Hungary 8.5 16 2 29.5 18.5 3.5 6.5 3 8 0 0 0.5
    Iceland 29 0 4 23 42 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
    Ireland 6 1 5 2.5 81 1 1 0 2 0 0 0
    Italy 4.5 3 2.5 4 39 9 15.5 3 13.5 2.5 0 0
  • North Italy
  • 7 1 3.5 4.5 49.5 7.5 10 1.5 11 2 0 0
  • Tuscany
  • 4 1.5 2.5 4 52.5 9 11.5 2 9 2 0 0
  • Central Italy
  • 2.5 2 1.5 3 36 11 23 5 11.5 3 0 0
  • South Italy
  • 2.5 3.5 1 3 27.5 10.5 21.5 4 18.5 2.5 0 0
  • Sicily
  • 3.5 3 1 4.5 26 8.5 23 3.5 20.5 4 1 0
  • Sardinia
  • 0 37.5 2 1 18.5 12 9 4 9.5 1.5 0 0
    Kosovo 5.5 2.5 0 4.5 21 0 16.5 0 47.5 0 0 0
    Latvia 6 1 1 40 12 0 0.5 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 38
    Lithuania 6 6 1 38 5 0 0 0 1 0.5 0.5 42
    Macedonia 3 23 1.5 13.5 12.5 4 14 2 21.5 1.5 0.5 0.5
    Malta 1 10 1 3.5 32.5 6.5 21 8 9 4.5 1 0
    Moldova 5 21 3 30.5 16 1 4 4 13 1 0 1.5
  • Gagauzes
  • 4 20 3 19 12.5 13.5 5.5 2 11 3 0 1
    Montenegro 6 29.5 1.5 7.5 9.5 2.5 9 0.5 27 0 2 1.5
    Netherlands 16.5 1 6.5 4 49 4.5 3.5 0.5 3.5 1 0 0
    Norway 31.5 0 4.5 25.5 32 1 0.5 0 1 0 1 2.5
    Poland 8.5 5.5 2 57.5 12.5 1.5 2.5 0 3.5 0.5 0.5 4
    Portugal 2 1.5 3 1.5 56 6.5 9.5 3 14 2.5 0.5 0
    Romania 3.5 28 2.5 18 15.5 3 13.5 1 14 1 0.5 1.5
    Russia 5 10.5 0 46 6 1 3 0 2.5 1.5 1.5 23
  • Bashkirs
  • 0 0.5 0 26 47.5 0.5 3 0 0.5 0 0 17
  • Chuvashs
  • 7 4.5 0 30 3 0 13 1.5 13 0 0 28
  • Komis
  • 2 2 0 29 11 0 0 0 5 0 0 51
  • Maris
  • 3 1 0 32 2 1 0 0 0 1 0 61
  • Mordvins (Mordovians)
  • 8 1 3 36 11 3 14 0 9 0 0 15
  • Tatars
  • 8 2 1 24.5 8.5 9 10.5 0.5 10 5 2 16
  • Udmurts
  • 2 0.5 0.5 15 13 0.5 0 0 0.5 0.5 0 67
    Scotland 9 1 4 8.5 72.5 0.5 2 0 1.5 0.5 0.5 0
    Serbia 8 34 0.5 18 6 2.5 9 1 15 0.5 1 (2.5)
    Slovakia 6.5 16 1.5 41.5 14.5 4 2 1 6.5 0.5 0.5 3
    Slovenia 9 20.5 1.5 38 18 1.5 2.5 0 5 1 0 0
    Spain 1.5 4.5 1 2 69 3 8 1.5 7 2.5 0 0
  • Andalusia
  • 0 9.5 0 3.5 58.5 3 10.5 2 10 3 0 0
  • Aragon
  • 2 14.5 1 2 60.5 1 10.5 0 5 4 0 0
  • Asturias
  • 2 2 0 2.5 58.5 8 8 2 14 3 0 0
  • Basque country
  • 0.5 5 0 0 85 1.5 2.5 0.5 2.5 0 0.5 0
  • Cantabria
  • 1 3 2 8.5 55 10.5 3 2.5 11 2.5 0 0
  • Castile & Leon
  • 0.5 2 0.5 3 64 5 6 1 16 2 0 0
  • Castile-La-Mancha
  • 1.5 1.5 0.5 1.5 66 8 10 4 5 2 0 0
  • Catalonia
  • 2 3.5 1.5 1.5 66.5 4.5 7.5 1.5 8.5 1 0 0
  • Extremadura
  • 3.5 5 1 0 50 5 11.5 0 18.5 5 0 0
  • Galicia
  • 5 3.5 2 1 57 4 10.5 4 10.5 2 0 0
  • Valencia
  • 3 5.5 1 3 63.5 1 6 2 13.5 1.5 0 0
    Sweden 37 1.5 3.5 16 21.5 1 2.5 0 3 0 2.5 7
  • Gotland
  • 50 0 5.5 14.5 17.5 0 0 0 1 2 4 7.5
    Switzerland 14 1.5 8 3.5 50 7.5 3 0.5 7.5 0.5 1.5 1
    Turkey/Anatolia 1 4 0.5 7.5 16 11 24 9 11 2.5 2 4
    Ukraine 4.5 20.5 0.5 44 8 3 4.5 0.5 6.5 1 0.5 5.5
    Wales 12 1 3 1 74 2.5 0.5 0 4 1 0 0

    Sample sizes

    : Under 100 samples
    : 100 to 250 samples
    : 250 to 500 samples
    : 500 to 1000 samples
    : Over 1000 samples

    Notes

    Turkey is the only country that includes a sizeable percentage of Asian and African haplogroups not listed in this table (A, ExE1b1b, C, H, L, O, R2) representing 8.5% of the total. Haplogroup L alone makes up 4% of the Turkish population.

    The Greek regions are divided this way : North = Macedonia & Thrace; Central = Thessaly, Epirus, Aetolia-Acarnania, Evrytania & Phthiotis; South = Peloponnese, Attica & Athens.

    The division of Italy is as follows: North Italy is everything as far south as Liguria and Emilia-Romagna. Central Italy comprises Marche, Umbria, Latium and Abruzzo. South Italy is everything else to the south, except Sardinia and Sicily, which have been made into separate categories due to their specific history and relative geographic isolation.

    Our division of Germany was made this way : North Germany includes the Schleswig-Holstein, Lower Saxony (+ Hamburg and Bremen) and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. West Germany is the Rhineland, Hesse and Saarland. South Germany is Baden-Württemberg and Bavaria. East Germany is composed of Brandenburg, Berlin, Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony and Thuringia.

    European populations not limited to one country

    Region/Haplogroup I R1a R1b G J2 J1 E T L Q N Others Sample size
    Ashkenazi Jews 4 10 9 9.5 19 19 20.5 2 0.5 5 0 1.5
    Sephardic Jews 1 5 13 15 25 22 9 6 0 2 0 2
    Vlachs/Aromuns 20.5 10 21.5 3.5 24.5 0.5 16.5 2 0 0 0 1
    Saami 27 13 7 0 0.5 0 0.5 0 0 0 53 0


    Caucasus region

    Region/Haplogroup I R1a R1b G J2 J1 E T L Q N Others Sample size
    Abkhazians 3 10 3.5 47.5 26.5 2.5 0.5 0.5 5 0.5 0 0
    Adygei 2.5 10.5 2.5 53.5 14.5 7.5 1 1.5 2.5 1.5 1.5 0
    Armenians 4.5 5 30 11.5 22 10.5 6 4 3 1 0.5 2
    Avars 0 2.5 2.5 0 4.5 66.5 7 4.5 9 0 0 2.5
    Azeri 3 7 11 18 30.5 11 5.5 4 7 0 0 3
    Chechens 0.5 4 2 5.5 56.5 21 0 0 7 0 0 3
    Dargins 0.5 8.5 2 1.5 1.5 84 0 0 0 0 0 2
    Georgians 2 9 10 30 27 16 2 1.5 1.5 1 0 0
    Ingush 1 3.5 0 2 88 2.5 0 0 3 0 0 0
    Kabardino-Balkarians 3.5 21 8.5 38 15.5 5 0.5 0.5 0.5 2 0.5 2
    Karachay-Cherkessians 4 19.5 4.5 40.5 18.5 5.5 0.5 1 0 0.5 1.5 2
    Kumyks 0 13 20 12 25 21 2.5 1.5 0 0 0 5
    Lezgins 2 2.5 21.5 17.5 1.5 43.5 3.5 6 1 0 1 0
    Nogays 6 14.5 18 8 13.5 13 0 0.5 0 0.5 9 16.5
    Ossetians 6.5 2 10 56 15 2 3.5 2 0.5 1.5 0 1

    Middle East

    Region/Haplogroup I R1a R1b G J2 J1 E T L Q N Others Sample size
    Iran 0.5 15.5 9.5 10 23 8.5 6.5 3 6.5 5.5 1 10.5
    Iraq 4 5.5 9.5 2.5 19.5 43 9.5 3.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.5
  • South Iraq (Marsh Arabs)
  • 0 0 3 1.5 3.5 81 6.5 0 0.5 3 0 1.5
    Jordan 3.5 1.5 18 4 13 31 26 0.5 0 0 0 2.5
    Kurdistan 6 10.5 11 5 23.5 12 12.5 5.5 2 0.1 0 11.5
    Lebanon 5 2.5 8 6.5 26 20 17.5 5 5 2 0 2.5
    Palestine 0 1.5 8.5 3 17 38.5 19.5 7 0 0 0 5
    Saudi Arabia 0 5 2 3 16 40 7.5 5 2 2.5 0 17
    Syria 5 10 13.5 3 17 30 11.5 5 3 0 0 2
    United Arab Emirates 0 7.5 4 4 10 35 11.5 5 3 2 0 8
    Yemen 0 0 0 1.5 8.5 72.5 13 0 0 0 0 0

    North Africa

    Region/Haplogroup I R1a R1b G J2 J1 E T L Q N Others Sample size
    Algeria 0 0.5 9.5 0.5 5 22 59 0 0 0.5 0 3
    Egypt 0.5 2 6 5.5 6.5 21 46 6 1 0.5 0 5
    Morocco 0 0 4.5 0.5 1.5 6.5 83 0 0 0 0 4
    Tunisia 0 0.5 2 0.5 3 16.5 72 1 0 0 0 5.5

    Sample sizes

    : Under 100 samples
    : 100 to 250 samples
    : 250 to 500 samples
    : 500 to 1000 samples
    : Over 1000 samples

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