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Distribution maps of HLA-DR types in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa

Contents (last update February 2016)

Introduction

The maps on this page represents the distribution of Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) types. The HLA gene regulates our acquired immune system. It is what helps our body identify foreign antigens (bacteria, fungi, viruses) and determine what type of white blood cells and antibodies should be produced. Depending on our HLA type we are more or less resistant to certain diseases and infections. HLA also influences our risk of developing autoimmune diseases like diabetes, multiple sclerosis, rheumatism, arthritis, hypothyroidism, psoriasis, Celiac disease, Crohn's disease, fibromyalgia, and so on.

Class I HLA (A, B and C) deal with intracellular immunity, i.e. mostly viruses and some bacteria (e.g. Chlamydia, Rickettsia, Mycobacteria, Mycoplasma). Class II HLA (DM, DO, DP, DQ, DR) fight off extracellular pathogens - mostly bacteria and fungi. HLA DM to DQ have little diversity, so the main determinant of extracellular immunity between individuals is above all HLA-DR. HLA-DR is subdivided in HLA-DRA (3 variants) and HLA-DRB (439 variants), but all useful variations are found within HLA-DRB, which has 23 types usually in European/Caucasian people. The short-hand HLA-DR always refers to HLA-DRB.

The following maps were compiled with all the latest available HLA data for each country. You can find the defining SNPs for each HLA type here.

Note that there isn't any DR2, DR5 or DR6 anymore. DR2 was split into DR15 and DR16, DR5 became HLA-DR11 and HLA-DR12, and HLA-DR6 was divided into HLA-DR13 and HLA-DR14.


HLA-DR1

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR1 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR1 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR3

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR3 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR3 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR4

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR1 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR4 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DRB1*04:01

Distribution of HLA-DRB1*04:01 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DRB1*04:01 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR7

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR7 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR7 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR9

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR9 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR9 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR10

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR10 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR10 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR11

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR11 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR11 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DRB1*11:01

Distribution of HLA-DRB1*11:01 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DRB1*11:01 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DRB1*11:04

Distribution of HLA-DRB1*11:04 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DRB1*11:04  in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR13

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR13 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR13 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR14

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR14 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR14 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR15

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR15 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR15 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

HLA-DR16

Description & analysis

Distribution of HLA-DR16 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa

Distribution of HLA-DR16 in Europe, the Near East and North Africa


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