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Distribution of HLA-DR alleles by country

Last update : January 2016

The Human Leucocyte Antigen (HLA) genes are on important component of the immune system regulation. They are cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins present in almost every cell of the body. Their role is to signal to white blood cells (more specifically T cells) that a cell has been contaminated by a pathogen (virus or bacteria) and should be destroyed. As such, HLA types can play a significant role in many autoimmune diseases.

There are many classes of HLA. The main are A, B, C, DP, DQ and DR. Everyone has two copies of each type, one inherited from each parent. Each HLA type (e.g. HLA-DR1) has several subtypes (e.g. HLA A*01:01, HLA A*01:02, HLA A*01:03). Subtypes usually vary between continent or racial groups.

These comparative tables were made using the data from HLA allele frequencies database.

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HLA-DR

Country/Type DR1 DR3 DR4 DR7 DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 Samples
Albania 3.6 5.4 7.8 6.0 3.3 0.0 2.1 27.5 3.1 11.9 7.5 7.6 12.4 n=160
Algeria 6.3 14.9 14.1 14.1 3.0 0.8 3.0 12.4 1.2 11.1 1.5 13.7 3.2 n=303
Armenia (Yerevan) 5.4 6.2 19.6 6.4 1.2 0.5 2.2 28.7 1.4 10.9 6.4 9.3 1.9 n=445
Austria 13.8 11.8 9.5 13.2 2.5 0.8 0.2 14.3 1.2 14.2 2.5 13.2 2.8 n=200
Belarus 11.1 9.0 10.1 10.5 4.0 0.6 0.4 14.7 2.8 12.8 3.0 14.6 6.4 n=275
Belgium 11.1 15.7 13.1 11.1 4.0 1.0 1.5 10.6 1.0 11.1 1.5 14.2 3.0 n=99
Bosnia-Herzegovina 11.3 10.8 10.3 10.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 13.6 2.0 13.3 4.3 11.4 8.6 n=1028
Bulgaria 6.4 8.2 12.7 6.4 4.5 0.0 0.0 23.7 0.0 13.6 1.8 5.4 17.3 n=55
Croatia 11.3 10.0 9.6 9.8 3.3 0.3 1.0 16.5 1.5 12.0 3.8 10.0 10.4 n=4000
Czech Republic 9.4 10.8 11.7 14.3 3.3 0.6 0.9 14.0 1.9 12.6 2.4 13.9 3.7 n=5099
Denmark 13.9 10.2 21.3 14.8 2.8 0.0 0.9 1.8 1.9 13.9 0.9 18.5 0.0 n=55
England + Scotland 10.4 14.4 16.5 12.0 3.2 1.3 1.8 8.6 2.2 10.6 3.6 14.0 1.1 n=7007
  • Orkney
  • 5.4 10.7 18.0 14.4 2.5 1.9 0.5 4.8 1.4 9.6 1.9 18.1 1.4 n=99
    Finland 15.0 9.7 13.3 5.3 13.7 3.3 0.7 5.0 3.7 13.3 1.7 14.7 0.7 n=150
    France 10.8 10.8 13.6 13.9 3.5 0.9 1.1 12.8 1.3 13.1 3.7 13.6 2.8 n=13907
  • Bordeaux
  • 10.4 12.7 12.4 14.4 4.3 0.7 1.3 12.5 1.2 14.4 3.1 10.0 2.9 n=990
  • Brittany (Finistère)
  • 12.6 11.6 19.6 15.3 3.0 1.0 0.3 4.3 0.0 9.6 3.6 18.3 0.3 n=150
  • Lyon
  • 10.5 10.9 12.5 14.6 3.8 0.9 1.1 14.3 1.1 13.1 3.9 10.3 2.9 n=4813
  • Marseille
  • 11.3 10.9 12.6 15.3 2.5 1.1 1.3 13.7 1.9 11.9 3.9 10.6 3.1 n=1000
    Georgia (Svans) 4.2 10.7 8.4 9.4 7.6 0.0 0.0 22.5 0.6 17.5 7.5 6.2 5.7 n=80
    Germany 11.1 10.6 13.2 12.6 3.6 1.0 0.9 12.5 1.9 12.9 3.1 14.2 2.4 n=11407
    Greece 7.4 7.2 9.5 7.8 1.6 0.3 2.2 25.2 1.5 9.1 6.5 8.2 13.4 n=11250
    Iran 2.2 8.5 10.5 8.8 1.3 0.7 2.3 17.8 0.8 9.7 4.6 10.8 3.7 n=15600
  • Iran (Azeri)
  • 4.5 7.0 16.0 6.0 2.5 0.5 1.0 27.5 0.0 12.5 4.5 13.5 4.5 n=100
    Ireland (North) 12.0 16.0 18.8 16.0 2.2 0.7 0.7 4.1 1.3 8.1 1.5 18.6 0.2 n=1000
    Ireland (Eire) 11.1 17.8 17.6 16.1 1.9 0.6 0.6 4.0 0.9 8.8 1.9 18.5 0.3 n=17624
    Israel (Arabs) 4.2 9.6 14.2 12.8 2.4 0.0 4.7 21.7 0.5 15.6 4.2 9.3 0.9 n=101
    Israel (Jews) 8.3 6.5 17.0 14.1 1.2 0.3 2.5 21.8 2.2 13.1 3.7 7.0 2.0 n=23000
    Italy 9.0 10.1 8.0 12.7 3.2 0.8 1.7 23.8 1.5 15.7 5.6 13.1 4.3 n=159311
  • Campania
  • 4.8 6.6 6.9 12.6 2.0 0.1 2.0 29.0 1.7 10.7 7.7 4.7 4.5 n=1089
  • Lombardy (Pavia)
  • 9.2 7.7 8.2 12.1 2.5 0.4 1.9 25.0 1.2 12.3 6.2 6.4 6.8 n=2416
  • Sardinia
  • 0.3 55.8 25.8 1.1 0.6 0.1 0.2 1.5 0.4 0.9 0.2 0.3 10.5 n=1129
    Jordan 15.1 11.6 16.2 10.8 2.3 0.3 3.8 20.6 0.9 14.3 4.1 9.1 0.8 n=15141
    Lebanon 5.5 9.9 17.6 7.7 1.9 0.9 5.2 31.7 1.9 7.1 3.7 4.6 2.2 n=191
    Libya (Cyrenaica) 5.3 15.3 15.4 17.0 4.6 0.4 0.9 11.9 1.3 16.9 1.7 7.6 1.7 n=118
    Macedonia 5.2 9.0 7.9 6.4 2.0 0.3 2.0 24.8 0.6 7.9 6.7 11.9 15.4 n=388
    Morocco 4.4 16.7 18.1 14.1 3.6 0.8 3.3 8.8 0.3 14.5 1.8 13.2 0.5 n=307
    Netherlands 12.1 12.7 16.0 11.3 3.0 0.9 1.3 9.0 1.8 10.7 3.6 11.6 1.4 n=2679
    Norway 10.2 13.0 20.5 10.5 4.9 1.4 0.9 5.0 2.0 13.0 3.0 15.7 0.0 n=576
    Poland 11.2 10.5 11.5 14.5 3.4 0.8 0.9 12.4 2.4 12.0 2.2 13.0 5.0 n=20653
    Portugal 11.0 10.5 12.7 15.9 3.3 0.6 1.4 10.5 1.5 15.5 2.7 10.7 3.1 n=1176
    Romania 8.0 11.0 9.0 7.0 2.0 0.0 1.0 19.0 2.0 15.0 7.0 9.0 10.0 n=6936
    Russia (Moscow) 11.0 8.0 11.0 14.3 3.5 1.4 1.0 13.0 2.6 13.9 1.9 13.3 4.6 n=2650
  • Bashkirs
  • 7.5 5.1 11.6 21.6 2.7 4.8 0.7 6.2 8.2 15.4 4.5 9.2 2.4 n=146
  • Chuvash
  • 20.2 7.9 4.2 14.6 7.9 4.9 0.0 12.1 1.8 14.9 0.6 19.5 1.2 n=82
  • Saami (Murmansk)
  • 13.6 8.0 32.7 3.7 7.4 4.3 0.0 4.3 3.7 9.6 0.6 11.7 0.6 n=70
  • Tatars
  • 13.4 7.3 11.1 15.5 3.2 3.7 1.5 10.8 1.0 11.5 3.8 13.8 3.2 n=355
    Saudi Arabia 3.0 15.4 18.9 17.8 0.9 0.1 4.8 7.8 0.4 13.8 0.8 13.1 3.1 n=383
    Serbia 10.3 10.9 9.0 7.1 3.1 0.4 1.1 16.9 1.9 13.2 5.4 9.8 10.9 n=1992
    Slovakia 10.0 10.2 10.8 13.9 3.1 0.7 1.0 14.9 2.7 11.7 3.5 11.4 6.2 n=4234
    Slovenia 14.4 12.2 7.4 13.4 4.0 0.3 0.7 16.1 2.9 11.3 4.8 10.3 3.6 n=140
    Spain 10.7 11.7 12.8 15.5 2.5 1.0 1.3 12.5 1.3 15.0 2.9 9.7 1.9 n=1107
  • Andalusia
  • 7.6 13.1 12.6 17.7 1.5 0.0 1.5 14.7 0.5 14.7 2.5 10.1 3.5 n=99
  • Basques
  • 13.3 19.3 7.1 25.8 2.6 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 14.3 0.5 13.0 0.0 n=100
  • Pasiegos
  • 7.5 1.6 14.5 17.9 1.6 0.5 1.6 12.4 0.0 9.7 0.0 32.1 0.0 n=88
    Sweden 11.6 13.4 19.9 8.1 4.4 1.8 0.8 5.9 2.0 14.0 2.1 15.3 0.8 n=1569
  • Northern Saami
  • 9.5 7.2 8.9 0.7 24.6 16.4 0.3 11.9 1.7 7.9 0.7 7.5 0.0 n=150
    Switzerland (Zurich) 10.7 9.0 12.4 14.2 3.6 0.7 0.6 13.0 1.6 14.6 4.2 11.6 3.0 n=4875
    Turkey 4.6 8.2 2.2 9.6 1.0 0.9 2.0 21.0 1.5 10.2 4.9 6.7 4.3 n=4856
    Ukraine 11.0 6.6 11.2 14.8 3.8 0.9 0.6 18.5 1.2 11.6 2.1 10.0 7.3 n=240
    Wales 11.0 15.2 20.4 14.7 2.2 1.2 0.7 5.8 1.7 9.7 2.3 14.3 0.6 n=39979

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