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 Prague, Czechia.
Introduction to Bohemia
Bohemia is characterized by its distinctive basin-like topography, surrounded by low mountain ranges that form much of the Czech Republic's natural borders. The region is dominated by the Bohemian Plateau, which is drained by the Elbe (Labe) and Vltava rivers.
Historically, Bohemia has been the political and cultural heart of the Czech lands. Prague, the capital of Bohemia and now of the entire Czech Republic, served as the seat of Holy Roman Emperors, most notably during the reign of Charles IV in the 14th century. This period, often referred to as the Golden Age of Czech history, saw Prague become a major European center of learning and culture.
While both Bohemia and Moravia share Czech culture, Bohemia has traditionally been more closely tied to Western European influences, particularly German culture. This is evident in the region's architecture, with Prague boasting a rich tapestry of Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque buildings. The Bohemian dialect of Czech also differs slightly from the Moravian variants.
Bohemia has historically been the more industrialized region of the Czech Republic. The northern parts of Bohemia, particularly around cities like Mladá Boleslav, have been centers of manufacturing and industry, with the Škoda Auto company being a prime example.
Bohemia is known for its mineral springs, which have given rise to famous spa towns like Karlovy Vary and Mariánské Lázně. These spa towns have been popular destinations for centuries, attracting visitors from across Europe.
Attractions
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Northern Bohemia
| Bohemian Switzerland National Park
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 Bohemian Switzerland National Park, established in 2000, features a remarkable landscape formed by sandstone formations that originated from an ancient seabed over 100 million years ago. The park's centrepiece is the Pravčická brána, Europe's largest sandstone arch, which is expected to exist for another 100,000 years. The area's name was inspired by Swiss painters Adrian Zingg and Anton Graff, who painted the landscape in the 19th century. Visitors can explore deep gorges, including the Kamenice with its crystal-clear waters, accessible by small boats with gondoliers, and discover historical sites such as Dolský Mlýn, the park's oldest structure built in 1515. The park's unique ecosystem supports diverse wildlife, including lynx, peregrine falcons, and black storks, whilst the landscape has inspired numerous artists and even served as a filming location for The Chronicles of Narnia. A network of nature trails, including the historic Gabriel Trail and Kögler's nature trail, allows visitors to traverse the park's rock labyrinths, tunnels, and footbridges. |
| Panská skála
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 Panská skála, also known as 'Lord's Rock' or 'Rock Organ', is a unique geological formation featuring impressive basalt columns. These hexagonal or pentagonal columns, formed by volcanic activity around 30 million years ago, reach up to 12 metres in height and resemble organ pipes. The site, which became Czechia's first protected geological monument in 1895, offers visitors a chance to climb to its summit for panoramic views of the surrounding landscape. At the base of the rock formation lies a small lake, created from a former quarry pit. Panská skála has gained cultural significance, appearing in various films and music videos, including the Czech fairy tale 'Proud Princess'. The area also boasts hiking trails and a nearby glass-making heritage, reflecting the region's industrial history. |
| Ještěd Tower
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 Ještěd Tower, a striking architectural marvel atop Ještěd Mountain, combines a hotel, restaurant, and television transmitter in a single futuristic structure. Designed by Karel Hubáček and completed in 1973, the 94-metre-tall hyperboloid building earned the prestigious Auguste Perret Prize for its innovative design. The tower offers panoramic views of Liberec, the surrounding valleys, and on clear days, parts of Germany and Poland. Inside, visitors can experience retro furnishings from 1970s Czechoslovakia, dine at the restaurant, or stay in one of the uniquely designed hotel rooms. The surrounding area provides opportunities for hiking and skiing, making Ještěd a year-round destination for outdoor enthusiasts and architecture aficionados alike. |
| Sychrov Castle
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 Sychrov Castle, a Neo-Gothic gem, was transformed in the 19th century by the exiled French Rohan family. The castle boasts the largest collection of French portrait paintings in Central Europe, with over 250 works depicting the Rohans and French royalty. Its opulent interiors showcase exquisite woodcarvings by Petr Bušek and unique glass paintings by Jan Zachariáš Quast. The surrounding 23-hectare English park features rare botanical specimens, including a unique beech cultivar. Visitors can explore the castle's chambers, stroll through the park, and visit the Technopolis exhibition in the former stables, which focuses on 19th and 20th-century inventions. The castle has inspired works by composer Antonín Dvořák and hosts an annual classical music festival in his honour. Sychrov is also a popular filming location, having been featured in international productions such as 'The Beautician and the Beast' and 'All Quiet on the Western Front'. |
| Liberec (Reichenberg)
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 Liberec, a city of 108,000 inhabitants, features a well-preserved centre dominated by the stunning Neo-Renaissance Town Hall built in 1893, modelled after Vienna's City Hall. The city's main attractions include the North Bohemian Museum housing the world's longest glass ladder, the interactive science centres iQLANDIA and iQPARK, and the oldest botanical garden in the Czech Republic. The iconic Ještěd Tower, a unique hyperboloid structure atop Ještěd mountain, serves as both a hotel and TV transmitter whilst offering panoramic views. The area is renowned for its Crystal Valley, where centuries-old glassmaking traditions continue in numerous workshops and museums. Nature enthusiasts can explore the dramatic basalt formations at Panska Skala, hike in the Jizera Mountains, or relax at the Harcov Water Reservoir, whilst history buffs can visit the Neo-Gothic Sychrov Castle with its extensive collection of French paintings. |
| Hrubá Skála Castle
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Built atop a dramatic sandstone cliff in the 14th century, Hrubá Skála Castle has evolved from a Gothic fortress through Renaissance and neo-Gothic transformations. The castle, now operating as a hotel, allows visitors to explore its courtyard and climb its tower for panoramic views of the surrounding rock formations. The site is particularly notable for its remarkable sandstone rock town, featuring towering formations, deep canyons, and popular climbing spots. The nearby Bukovina Arboretum, established in 1860, houses one of Central Europe's oldest collections of North American trees, whilst the Marian Lookout offers views of the castle and the distinctive Dragon Cliffs. The castle complex includes a connecting bridge adorned with Baroque statues, and visitors can explore fascinating geological features such as the Mouse Hole rock passage and Adam's Bed cave. |
| Krkonoše National Park
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Krkonoše National Park, established in 1963 and designated as a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, protects the highest mountain range in Czechia, featuring the 1,603-metre Sněžka peak. The park showcases a unique mosaic of mountain ecosystems, including tundra landscapes, glacial valleys, and mountain meadows with rare alpine flowers. Notable attractions include the Pravčická Gate sandstone formation, the 250-metre Pančavský Waterfall, and distinctive granite rock formations such as the Pilgrims and Three Pigs. The area's rich biodiversity encompasses over 250 lichen species, nearly 1,000 fungi species, and various wildlife including black storks, otters, and recently returning wolves and lynx. The park's folklore features the legendary ruler Krakonoš, whilst its cultural heritage reflects the region's historical glass-making and weaving traditions. A network of marked hiking trails, including the Path of Czech-Polish Friendship along the border ridge, allows visitors to explore the park's diverse landscapes and natural wonders. |
| Bohemian Paradise (Český ráj)
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Bohemian Paradise, a UNESCO Global Geopark, boasts a unique landscape of sandstone rock formations, dense forests, and historic castles. This protected area, established in 1955, features remarkable geological diversity, including volcanic remnants and precious gemstone deposits. Visitors can explore 'rock cities' like Hrubá Skála, hike through scenic trails, and visit medieval landmarks such as Trosky Castle and Kost Castle. The region is renowned for its long-standing tradition of jewellery making, particularly using Bohemian garnets. Art enthusiasts will appreciate the area's inspiration to many artists over the centuries. The Prachov Rocks, formed over 60 million years, offer striking views and popular hiking routes. |
| Adršpach-Teplice Rocks
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The Adršpach-Teplice Rocks form one of Europe's most extensive sandstone labyrinths, featuring thousands of towering formations up to 81.4 metres high, created by water erosion over 89 million years when the area was an ancient seabed. The site comprises two distinct rock cities connected by Vlčí Gorge, with notable features including the Great Waterfall (16 metres), a picturesque lake with boat rides, and uniquely shaped formations like the Lovers Tower and Devil's Bridge. The area became accessible to tourists after a great forest fire in 1824, attracting notable visitors including Johann Wolfgang Goethe, and later served as a filming location for The Chronicles of Narnia. The rocks, protected as a national nature reserve since 1933, offer 3.5-kilometre hiking trails through the formations and serve as one of Europe's largest breeding grounds for peregrine falcons, whilst also being popular amongst rock climbers. |
Other attractions
Tiské stěny
Úštěk
Central Bohemia
West
| Plzeň (Pilsen)
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 Plzeň, the birthplace of Pilsner beer, offers a blend of history and modernity. The city's heart is the expansive Republic Square, dominated by the Gothic St. Bartholomew's Cathedral with the Czech Republic's tallest church spire. Visitors can explore the extensive medieval underground tunnel network, visit the renowned Pilsner Urquell Brewery, or enjoy interactive exhibits at the Techmania Science Centre. The city boasts impressive architecture, including the Renaissance Town Hall and the Moorish Revival Great Synagogue, Europe's second-largest. Art enthusiasts can appreciate the West Bohemia Museum's vast collection, while nature lovers can unwind in the city's parks or visit the nearby Radyně Castle. Plzeň's rich cultural scene is evident in its numerous theatres, museums, and annual festivals. |
| Františkovy Lázně (Franzensbad) ※
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Founded in 1793 as a spa town, Františkovy Lázně features 23 active mineral springs renowned for their healing properties, particularly for cardiovascular and musculoskeletal conditions. The town centre, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, showcases well-preserved Classicist, Empire and Historicist architecture arranged in a distinctive square grid pattern. Notable landmarks include the Neo-Renaissance Social House from 1877, the Empire-style Theatre from 1928, and extensive parks with spring pavilions. The town offers various attractions including the Municipal Museum, a vintage motorcycle museum, and the Aquaforum water park. Beyond the town limits, visitors can explore the SOOS Nature Reserve, known for its unique geological formations, and the Amerika pond, which serves as an important bird sanctuary. The spa tradition continues today through numerous spa houses and hotels offering therapeutic treatments using local mineral water and peat. |
| Karlovy Vary (Karlsbad) ※
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Karlovy Vary is a historic spa town renowned for its natural thermal springs, which have attracted visitors seeking therapeutic benefits since its founding by Emperor Charles IV in the 14th century. The town features striking neo-Renaissance and Baroque architecture, including the iconic Mill Colonnade and the Church of St. Mary Magdalene. Visitors can explore cultural landmarks like the Moser Glass Museum, showcasing the region's famed glassmaking tradition, and the Jan Becher Museum, dedicated to the herbal liqueur Becherovka. Surrounded by wooded hills and steep valleys along the Teplá River, Karlovy Vary offers scenic trails and viewpoints such as the Diana Lookout Tower. It is also home to the prestigious Karlovy Vary International Film Festival and boasts a rich artistic heritage, with venues like the Karlovy Vary City Theatre hosting performances in a lavish neo-Baroque setting. |
| Mariánské Lázně (Marienbad) ※
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Mariánské Lázně, a UNESCO World Heritage spa town established in 1786, features over 40 mineral springs used for therapeutic treatments in historic spa buildings with preserved original interiors. The town's centrepiece is its 180-metre neo-Baroque colonnade, the longest in Czechia, adorned with ceiling frescoes depicting human flight. The spa quarter, designed as 'a spa in a park', showcases neoclassical architecture amidst expansive gardens created by landscape architect Václav Skalník, including pavilions, the iconic Singing Fountain, and numerous walking trails through therapeutic landscapes. The town attracted notable figures throughout history, including Johann Wolfgang Goethe, who experienced his greatest love affair here, and composer Richard Wagner, who wrote parts of several operas during his stays. Modern attractions include Park Boheminium, featuring miniature models of Czech monuments, and the Municipal Museum housed in the town's oldest building. |
| Cheb (Eger)
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Cheb boasts a rich medieval heritage. The town's centrepiece is the 12th-century Romanesque castle, founded by Emperor Friedrich Barbarossa I. Špalíček, a complex of 11 unique medieval merchant houses, dominates the main square alongside the Gothic-turned-Classicist St. Nicholas Church. The Pachelbel House, now a museum, is infamous as the site of Albrecht von Wallenstein's assassination in 1634. Visitors can explore the town's history at the Cheb Museum, housed in a 14th-century building. For nature enthusiasts, the nearby Ohře River offers scenic views and outdoor activities. The town centre features colourful Renaissance architecture, with notable streets including Mikulášská and Růžová. Cheb's historical significance is evident in its self-administration privilege, dating back to the 13th century, making it one of the oldest towns in the Czech Republic.. |
| Žatec (Saaz) ※
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Known as the 'Town of Hops', Žatec has been a global centre of hop cultivation and trade for centuries, with its Saaz hops variety being amongst the world's most renowned for beer production. The town features a medieval centre and a 19th-century industrial quarter called the Prague Suburb, both showcasing unique hop-processing architecture with characteristic chimneys and drying kilns. Key attractions include the Hop Museum, the Temple of Hops and Beer, and the historic Stekník Chateau overlooking traditional hop fields near the Ohře River. The town's hop-growing heritage is preserved through annual festivals and local customs, whilst its landscape includes preserved farmsteads and historic hop fields with distinctive trellises using a specific wire system called 'žatecká drátěnka', which has influenced hop cultivation worldwide. |
| Loket Castle
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Loket Castle, a 12th-century Gothic fortress, stands on a rocky promontory surrounded by the Ohře River. Originally built as a border fortification, it later became a royal residence visited by monarchs such as Charles IV. The castle features a square tower offering panoramic views, a museum showcasing porcelain, weapons, and archaeological artefacts, and the famous Loket meteorite. Visitors can explore the castle's various sections, including the Margrave's House, prison cells, torture chamber, and a small Romanesque rotunda. The picturesque town of Loket, nestled below the castle, boasts charming restaurants, cafés, and a natural amphitheatre hosting cultural events. Nature enthusiasts can enjoy hiking trails in the surrounding forests or canoe along the Ohře River through its deep canyon. |
| Domažlice
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Domažlice is a historic border town with a distinctive elongated square featuring Renaissance and Baroque houses with arcades, dominated by a 13th-century leaning tower next to the Church of the Birth of the Virgin Mary. The town serves as the cultural centre of the Chodsko region, known for its unique folk traditions, including the annual Chod festival celebrating traditional costumes and bagpipes. The Chodský Castle, now housing the Ethnographic Museum, tells the story of the Chods—medieval border guards who received special privileges from King John of Bohemia in the 14th century and later revolted against Habsburg rule in 1693. The surrounding mountainous terrain, with nearly 40% forest coverage and the 1,042-metre Čerchov peak, offers opportunities for winter sports and hiking. The town maintains its historical significance through well-preserved architecture, including the Dolejší Gate, whilst producing traditional crafts such as wood carvings, clothing, and baked goods. |
Other attractions
 SOOS National Nature Reserve
Centre
| Prague ※
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 Prague, the capital of Czechia, is a city steeped in history and culture. Its iconic skyline, often called "The City of a Hundred Spires", features Gothic, Baroque, and Romanesque architecture. The historic centre, a UNESCO World Heritage site, boasts landmarks such as Prague Castle, Charles Bridge, and the Astronomical Clock in Old Town Square. The city is home to numerous museums, including the National Museum with its extensive natural history collection. Prague's Jewish Quarter offers insight into the city's rich Jewish heritage. The Vltava River, which runs through the city, provides scenic views and boat tours. For nature enthusiasts, Prague Zoo is renowned for its conservation efforts. The city also has a vibrant arts scene, with many galleries and theatres, including the famous National Theatre. |
| Karlstein Castle
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Founded in 1348 by Charles IV as a private residence and treasury, Karlštejn Castle sits atop a hill 30 km from Prague and features a unique stepped layout with the 60-metre Great Tower at its peak. The castle houses the world's largest collection of 14th-century panel paintings (129 works by Master Theodoric) in the Chapel of the Holy Cross, where the Imperial Crown Jewels were once stored. The castle complex includes the Imperial Palace with royal bedrooms, the Marian Tower with chapels, and an 80-metre-deep well operated by a medieval treadwheel. Visitors can explore the castle through guided tours lasting 55 minutes, whilst the surrounding area offers hiking trails through the national forest and views of the nearby limestone canyon known as Velká Amerika. |
| Křivoklát Castle
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Křivoklát Castle, one of the oldest and most significant royal castles in the Czech lands, boasts a rich history dating back to the 12th century. This Gothic masterpiece features a magnificent chapel, the impressive Royal and Knight's Halls, and a vast library housing 52,000 volumes. Visitors can explore the castle's diverse past as a royal residence, prison, and hunting retreat, with notable inmates including the alchemist Edward Kelly. The castle offers three guided tours and one self-guided option, showcasing its architectural splendour, medieval art collection, and hunting exhibits. Surrounded by the protected Křivoklátsko landscape, the castle provides stunning views of dense forests and serves as a gateway to numerous hiking trails and natural attractions in the area. Throughout the year, Křivoklát hosts various cultural events, including traditional craft fairs and seasonal markets, offering visitors a glimpse into local traditions and artisanship. |
| Průhonice Castle Park ※
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Průhonice Park and Castle, a UNESCO World Heritage site, was established in 1885 by Count Ernst Emanuel Silva-Tarouca, who transformed the estate into a neo-Renaissance masterpiece. The park features 40 kilometres of groomed trails winding through forests, meadows, and gardens, showcasing approximately 1,600 species of plants, including a remarkable collection of 8,000 rhododendrons in 100 varieties. The castle, whilst partially closed to visitors, offers access to its Knights' Hall and courtyard, where visitors can admire the stunning fresco of St George the Dragonslayer painted by Hanuš Schwaiger in 1892. The castle's architecture blends various historical styles, featuring sgraffito decorations, ornate gates, and two preserved historical tiled stoves. The grounds serve as both a cultural monument and a scientific institution, functioning as a sanctuary for diverse plant and animal species, with precious forest and meadow communities being actively conserved within its territory. |
| Solenická podkova
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Solenická Podkova, known as the Czech Horseshoe Bend, is a striking natural formation along the Vltava River, located near the village of Zduchovice. This picturesque meander offers breathtaking views from its surrounding cliffs, which rise approximately 150 metres above the river, making it a popular spot for hiking and photography. The area is part of the Toulava tourist region, renowned for its scenic beauty and opportunities for outdoor activities. Visitors can explore various trails leading to lookout points that provide panoramic vistas of the river and the lush landscapes beyond. The unique geological features and tranquil environment make Solenická Podkova a notable destination for nature enthusiasts and those seeking a peaceful retreat. |
| Big America (Velká Amerika)
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Velká Amerika, also known as the Czech Grand Canyon, is a former limestone quarry stretching 800 metres in length, 200 metres in width, and reaching depths of up to 100 metres. Mining operations began in the early 20th century and continued until 1958, creating a canyon 2,600 feet long. During the late 1940s and early 1950s, the quarries served as work camps for political prisoners of the Soviet Union. After mining ceased, the quarry filled with water, forming a pristine lake at its base, whilst vegetation reclaimed the canyon walls. The site is connected to nearby quarries, including Malá Amerika and Mexiko, through a network of tunnels. Visitors can take an hour-long walk around the quarry's perimeter for panoramic views, and the area offers hiking trails that connect to Karlštejn Castle. |
Other attractions
Mníšek pod Brdy Castle
East
| Kutná Hora (Kuttenberg) ※
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Kutná Hora, a UNESCO World Heritage site, is renowned for its rich silver mining history dating back to the 13th century. The town's Gothic and Baroque architecture is exemplified by the magnificent St Barbara's Cathedral and the Italian Court, a former royal residence and mint. A unique attraction is the Sedlec Ossuary, a chapel adorned with human bones. The town centre boasts well-preserved medieval urban planning, elegant facades, and charming side streets. Visitors can explore the Czech Museum of Silver to learn about the town's mining past or enjoy panoramic views from St Barbara's Cathedral. Kutná Hora's historical significance and architectural beauty make it a compelling destination for those interested in Czech heritage. |
| Hradec Králové (Königgrätz)
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Situated at the confluence of the Orlice and Elbe rivers, Hradec Králové is a historic town that flourished as a major trade centre between the Baltic Sea and the Danube. The town features a blend of Gothic, Renaissance, Baroque and modernist architecture, with the 72-metre-tall White Tower serving as its dominant landmark. The early 20th century saw remarkable architectural development under Josef Gočár, whose functionalist designs earned the city the nickname 'Salon of the Republic'. Notable attractions include the Modern Art Gallery, housing significant Czech cubist and surrealist collections, and the East Bohemian Museum with over three million exhibits. The town offers river cruises on paddle steamers, whilst its Observatory and Planetarium combines astronomical facilities with atmospheric research. The surrounding area features several castles, including the neo-Gothic Hrádek u Nechanic and the medieval fortress at Kunětická hora. |
| Kolín
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Kolín, a historic town on the Elbe River, boasts a well-preserved old centre with Gothic and Baroque architecture. The Church of St. Bartholomew, designed by Peter Parler, dominates the skyline. The town's Jewish heritage is evident in its synagogue, one of the oldest in Bohemia, and a significant Jewish cemetery. Kolín's industrial legacy includes the Toyota Motor Manufacturing plant, a major employer in the region. For nature enthusiasts, the nearby Sandberk artificial lake offers recreational opportunities. The town also has cultural significance, being the birthplace of mime artist Jean-Gaspard Deburau and composer František Kmoch. Visitors can explore the local history at the Dvořák Museum on Prehistoric Kolín and enjoy water activities at the town's water park. |
| Konopiště Castle
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This 13th-century Gothic fortress, transformed into a romantic château, was the last residence of Archduke Franz Ferdinand before his assassination in 1914 sparked World War I. The castle houses one of Europe's largest armouries, a collection of 300,000 hunting trophies, and 3,750 items related to St George. The estate features a 225-hectare park with a rose garden, peacocks, and a rare Himalayan bear living in the moat. The castle's modern amenities, installed by Franz Ferdinand, included electric lighting, central heating, and an elevator. A ceremonial shield stolen by Nazis during World War II was returned to the castle in 2021 after being held in Philadelphia for decades. The castle is accessible via a 30-minute drive from Prague, making it a convenient day trip destination. |
| Žleby Castle
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Žleby Castle, first mentioned in 1289, evolved from a medieval Gothic fortress into a Neo-Gothic chateau during the 19th-century Romantic reconstruction led by Duke Vincent Charles Auersperg. Inspired by English traditions, the castle features a rich collection of European antiquities, including historical armoury, furniture, and art. Visitors can explore its well-preserved interiors, which reflect aristocratic life in the 19th century. The castle is also surrounded by scenic grounds and is near other attractions like the Sedlec Ossuary and Kutná Hora, making it a cultural and historical highlight. |
Other attractions
Chrudim
 Nymburk
Pardubice
Poděbrady Castle (cannot be visited)
Southern Bohemia
| Castle Blatna
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Castle Blatna is a well-preserved water castle with a rich history dating back to 1235. The castle complex showcases various architectural styles, including Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque elements, reflecting its development over centuries. Visitors can explore the castle's impressive interiors, including a hunting room with trophies and a tower adorned with 14th-century frescoes. The surrounding 42-hectare English park features a picturesque moat and is home to a herd of fallow deer, which can be hand-fed by tourists. Art enthusiasts will appreciate the castle's collection of historical paintings and artefacts. The castle occasionally hosts cultural events, such as theatrical performances, adding to its appeal as a tourist destination. |
| Zvíkov Castle
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Perched on a promontory above the confluence of the Vltava and Otava rivers, Zvíkov Castle was built in the early 13th century and served as a royal residence for the Přemyslid dynasty. The castle features unique Gothic architecture, including the massive Hlízová Tower with three-metre-thick walls reinforced by spiked blades to deflect projectiles. Inside, visitors can explore preserved halls, cellars, and the St. Wenceslas Chapel adorned with 15th-century murals. The castle's remarkable defensive capabilities were demonstrated when 140 men successfully defended it against 4,000 troops during the Thirty Years' War. Local folklore adds intrigue with tales of a mischievous supernatural entity called Rarášek, which allegedly interferes with film productions and bothers visitors. The construction of the Orlík Dam in the mid-20th century submerged the castle's downtown area, dramatically altering the surrounding landscape. |
| Holašovice (Holschowitz) ※
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Holašovice is a small village renowned for its well-preserved 18th and 19th-century South Bohemian Folk Baroque architecture. Designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1998, the village features 23 distinctive farmsteads arranged around a central green. Originally founded in the 13th century, Holašovice survived a plague epidemic and post-World War II population changes to become a living museum of rural Czech life. Visitors can explore the village's traditional buildings, visit the local tavern, and learn about the area's history at the Tourist Information Centre, housed in a former Czech school. The village also hosts an annual Peasant Festival, showcasing traditional crafts and products from across Bohemia. |
| Šumava National Park
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Established in 1991 within a larger protected landscape area, Šumava National Park forms part of Central Europe's largest forested area, connecting with Germany's Bavarian Forest National Park. The park features glacial lakes, peat bogs, and primeval forests, including the notable Boubínský forest. Visitors can climb observation towers like Poledník for panoramic views stretching to the Alps, explore eight glacial lakes, or spot rare wildlife including lynx, black storks, and the Northern Birch Mouse. The park's unique landscape remained remarkably preserved due to its position along the Iron Curtain, where access was restricted until 1989. Today, the park offers extensive networks of hiking paths, cycling routes (including Route No. 33), and cross-country skiing trails through the 'White Trail Project'. The area holds UNESCO Biosphere Reserve status and provides opportunities for river rafting on the Vltava, Otava and Vydra rivers. |
| Český Krumlov (Krumau) ※
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 Český Krumlov is a historic town renowned for its well-preserved medieval architecture and stunning landscapes, making it a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1992. Central to the town is the Český Krumlov Castle, one of the largest castle complexes in Central Europe, featuring Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque elements, along with a unique Baroque theatre that hosts performances. The winding streets of the Old Town are lined with charming buildings and quaint shops, reflecting centuries of history. The town is also a cultural hub, hosting various festivals, including an annual International Music Festival, and is surrounded by natural beauty, offering opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking and rafting on the Vltava River. |
| Hluboká Castle
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Originally built as a Gothic castle in the 13th century, Hluboká Castle underwent several transformations before achieving its current Neo-Gothic appearance in 1871, modelled after England's Windsor Castle. The castle complex features 140 rooms and 11 towers, with richly decorated interiors showcasing carved wood panelling, coffered ceilings, crystal chandeliers, and extensive collections of paintings, silver, porcelain and tapestries. The castle's former kitchen, preserved with original equipment from the turn of the 20th century, is open to visitors, whilst the Castle riding hall houses an exhibition of South Bohemian Gothic art. The estate is surrounded by an expansive English-style landscaped park, and the castle remains one of the most visited historic sites in the Czech Republic, having welcomed 293,000 visitors in 2019. |
| České Budějovice (Budweis)
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České Budějovice, founded in 1265 by King Ottokar II of Bohemia, boasts one of Europe's largest arcaded town squares, Náměstí Přemysla Otakara II, featuring the Baroque Samson's Fountain. The city is renowned for its beer production, notably Budweiser Budvar, and visitors can tour the Budvar Brewery to learn about the brewing process. The Black Tower, a 16th-century watchtower, offers panoramic views of the city. The Museum of South Bohemia houses exhibits on natural science, archaeology, and regional history. Nature enthusiasts can explore the surrounding landscape of fishponds, rivers, and the nearby Blanský Les and Novohradské Mountains. The city is also home to the University of South Bohemia and the Czech Academy of Sciences research institute, contributing to its educational and scientific significance. |
| Rožmberk
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Rožmberk nad Vltavou is a picturesque town dominated by the 13th-century Rožmberk Castle, one of the oldest castles in the Czech lands and the ancestral seat of the powerful Rožmberk noble family. The castle features Gothic architecture, Renaissance graffiti decorations, and the famous Knight's Hall with Manneristic painted decorations and a Music niche. The town sits along the meandering Vltava River, offering opportunities for boating and hiking through the surrounding virgin natural landscape. The castle, which served as one of the first museums in Bohemia since the mid-19th century, houses valuable collections of furniture, paintings, and arms, whilst local folklore speaks of Perchta von Rosenberg, the White Lady ghost, who allegedly still haunts the premises. |
| Jindřichův Hradec
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Jindřichův Hradec is a picturesque town renowned for its magnificent castle complex, one of the largest in the Czech Republic. The town's historic centre boasts colourful Renaissance-era merchants' houses and a striking main square adorned with a Baroque Holy Trinity column. Art enthusiasts can explore the National Museum of Photography, while history buffs will appreciate the Museum of Jindřichův Hradec, home to the world's largest mechanical nativity scene. Nature lovers can venture into the surrounding 'Czech Canada' region, characterised by dense forests, numerous ponds, and granite rock formations. For a unique experience, visitors can ride the narrow-gauge railway to Nová Bystřice or witness the Aquashow, a mesmerising water and light spectacle in the town centre. |
| Třeboň (Wittingau)
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Třeboň is a historic town built around a Renaissance square with colourful burgher houses and a 31-metre-high town hall tower. The town's fourth-largest château complex in Czechia houses historical exhibits and the House of Nature, showcasing the region's landscape development. The area is renowned for its centuries-old fish farming tradition, with over 500 ponds forming 16 systems, including the vast Svět (World) Pond encircled by a 12-kilometre nature trail. Notable attractions include the neo-Gothic Schwarzenberg Tomb, an aquarium displaying local freshwater fish in the Renaissance Vratislavský House, a marzipan museum, and the Activity Park offering various sports facilities. The town is also a spa centre known for its peat baths, whilst nature enthusiasts can explore the northern peat bogs with their unique flora and fauna via a 5.5-kilometre trail featuring 31 stops. |
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Písek, a picturesque town on the Otava river, boasts the oldest surviving bridge in Czechia, dating back to the 13th century. The town's rich history is showcased in the Prácheň Museum, housed in the medieval Písek Castle. Nature enthusiasts can explore the surrounding Písek Mountains, whilst the town centre offers a blend of historical architecture and modern amenities. Písek is also home to the oldest working hydroelectric power plant in the country, built in 1887, which now houses a museum on the history of street lighting. The former Malt House has been transformed into a cultural centre, hosting exhibitions and events. With its charming old town, riverside walks, and cultural attractions, Písek offers visitors a glimpse into both Czech history and contemporary life. |
Other attractions
 Vlkov Dune
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Ještěd Tower, a striking architectural marvel atop Ještěd Mountain, combines a hotel, restaurant, and television transmitter in a single futuristic structure. Designed by Karel Hubáček and completed in 1973, the 94-metre-tall hyperboloid building earned the prestigious Auguste Perret Prize for its innovative design. The tower offers panoramic views of Liberec, the surrounding valleys, and on clear days, parts of Germany and Poland. Inside, visitors can experience retro furnishings from 1970s Czechoslovakia, dine at the restaurant, or stay in one of the uniquely designed hotel rooms. The surrounding area provides opportunities for hiking and skiing, making Ještěd a year-round destination for outdoor enthusiasts and architecture aficionados alike.
Sychrov Castle, a Neo-Gothic gem, was transformed in the 19th century by the exiled French Rohan family. The castle boasts the largest collection of French portrait paintings in Central Europe, with over 250 works depicting the Rohans and French royalty. Its opulent interiors showcase exquisite woodcarvings by Petr Bušek and unique glass paintings by Jan Zachariáš Quast. The surrounding 23-hectare English park features rare botanical specimens, including a unique beech cultivar. Visitors can explore the castle's chambers, stroll through the park, and visit the Technopolis exhibition in the former stables, which focuses on 19th and 20th-century inventions. The castle has inspired works by composer Antonín Dvořák and hosts an annual classical music festival in his honour. Sychrov is also a popular filming location, having been featured in international productions such as 'The Beautician and the Beast' and 'All Quiet on the Western Front'.
Liberec, a city of 108,000 inhabitants, features a well-preserved centre dominated by the stunning Neo-Renaissance Town Hall built in 1893, modelled after Vienna's City Hall. The city's main attractions include the North Bohemian Museum housing the world's longest glass ladder, the interactive science centres iQLANDIA and iQPARK, and the oldest botanical garden in the Czech Republic. The iconic Ještěd Tower, a unique hyperboloid structure atop Ještěd mountain, serves as both a hotel and TV transmitter whilst offering panoramic views. The area is renowned for its Crystal Valley, where centuries-old glassmaking traditions continue in numerous workshops and museums. Nature enthusiasts can explore the dramatic basalt formations at Panska Skala, hike in the Jizera Mountains, or relax at the Harcov Water Reservoir, whilst history buffs can visit the Neo-Gothic Sychrov Castle with its extensive collection of French paintings.
Plzeň, the birthplace of Pilsner beer, offers a blend of history and modernity. The city's heart is the expansive Republic Square, dominated by the Gothic St. Bartholomew's Cathedral with the Czech Republic's tallest church spire. Visitors can explore the extensive medieval underground tunnel network, visit the renowned Pilsner Urquell Brewery, or enjoy interactive exhibits at the Techmania Science Centre. The city boasts impressive architecture, including the Renaissance Town Hall and the Moorish Revival Great Synagogue, Europe's second-largest. Art enthusiasts can appreciate the West Bohemia Museum's vast collection, while nature lovers can unwind in the city's parks or visit the nearby Radyně Castle. Plzeň's rich cultural scene is evident in its numerous theatres, museums, and annual festivals.
Prague, the capital of Czechia, is a city steeped in history and culture. Its iconic skyline, often called "The City of a Hundred Spires", features Gothic, Baroque, and Romanesque architecture. The historic centre, a UNESCO World Heritage site, boasts landmarks such as Prague Castle, Charles Bridge, and the Astronomical Clock in Old Town Square. The city is home to numerous museums, including the National Museum with its extensive natural history collection. Prague's Jewish Quarter offers insight into the city's rich Jewish heritage. The Vltava River, which runs through the city, provides scenic views and boat tours. For nature enthusiasts, Prague Zoo is renowned for its conservation efforts. The city also has a vibrant arts scene, with many galleries and theatres, including the famous National Theatre.
Nymburk
Český Krumlov is a historic town renowned for its well-preserved medieval architecture and stunning landscapes, making it a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1992. Central to the town is the Český Krumlov Castle, one of the largest castle complexes in Central Europe, featuring Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque elements, along with a unique Baroque theatre that hosts performances. The winding streets of the Old Town are lined with charming buildings and quaint shops, reflecting centuries of history. The town is also a cultural hub, hosting various festivals, including an annual International Music Festival, and is surrounded by natural beauty, offering opportunities for outdoor activities such as hiking and rafting on the Vltava River.
: Local interest
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