Genetic study The Picenes and the Genetic Landscape of Central Adriatic Italy in the Iron Age.

[Cresswell444]

thanks pax for the maps

maybe my family "blondness" is via my line prior to 1600 .....................my matches below

My son in law is T1a1a1...not sure of it's origin but it's traced back to Gloucestershire England in the 1500's.

 

[Pax Augusta]

Thanks Salento, as usual great work.

Made very quickly.

 

[Tautalus]

The study "The genomic portrait of the Picene culture provides new insights into the Italic Iron Age and the legacy of the Roman Empire in Central Italy" was published today.

Abstract
Background

The Italic Iron Age is characterized by the presence of various ethnic groups partially examined from a genomic perspective. To explore the evolution of Iron Age Italic populations and the genetic impact of Romanization, we focus on the Picenes, one of the most fascinating pre-Roman civilizations, who flourished on the Middle Adriatic side of Central Italy between the 9th and the 3rd century BCE, until the Roman colonization.

Results
More than 50 samples are reported, spanning more than 1000 years of history from the Iron Age to Late Antiquity. Despite cultural diversity, our analysis reveals no major differences between the Picenes and other coeval populations, suggesting a shared genetic history of the Central Italian Iron Age ethnic groups. Nevertheless, a slight genetic differentiation between populations along the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian coasts can be observed, possibly due to different population dynamics in the two sides of Italy and/or genetic contacts across the Adriatic Sea. Additionally, we identify several individuals with ancestries deviating from their general population. Lastly, in our Late Antiquity site, we observe a drastic change in the genetic landscape of the Middle Adriatic region, indicating a relevant influx from the Near East, possibly as a consequence of Romanization.

The genomic portrait of the Picene culture provides new insights into the Italic Iron Age and the legacy of the Roman Empire in Central Italy - Genome Biology

Background The Italic Iron Age is characterized by the presence of various ethnic groups partially examined from a genomic perspective. To explore the evolution of Iron Age Italic populations and the genetic impact of Romanization, we focus on the Picenes, one of the most fascinating pre-Roman...

link.springer.com

 

[torzio]

In the Middle and Final Bronze Age, the Picene area was affected by a series of small scattered settlements, both on the coast (Ancarano di Sirolo, Massignano, Ripatransone), whose relationships with the Balkan cultures have been highlighted, and in the hinterland (Santa Paolina di Filottrano, Montefrancolo di Pollenza, Moscosi di Cingoli), the latter in contact with the terramare populations, but progressively abandoned or in decline at the end of the Bronze Age, in favour of the coastal ones.

The settlement on the Cappuccini hill in Ancona dates back to this phase, where a necropolis was established on the site of the previous settlement. The importance of maritime traffic in this phase, especially for the supply of Baltic amber that arrived in Piceno

 

[torzio]

the piceni and liburnian trading periods lasted more than 800 years
what was the difference between north and south picene except for some linguistic writings

seems like a trade triangle of veneti-liburni-north picene as one group and a south picene, more assosiated with more non-coastal connections

 

[Pax Augusta]

The study "The genomic portrait of the Picene culture provides new insights into the Italic Iron Age and the legacy of the Roman Empire in Central Italy" was published today.

Abstract
Background

The Italic Iron Age is characterized by the presence of various ethnic groups partially examined from a genomic perspective. To explore the evolution of Iron Age Italic populations and the genetic impact of Romanization, we focus on the Picenes, one of the most fascinating pre-Roman civilizations, who flourished on the Middle Adriatic side of Central Italy between the 9th and the 3rd century BCE, until the Roman colonization.

Results
More than 50 samples are reported, spanning more than 1000 years of history from the Iron Age to Late Antiquity. Despite cultural diversity, our analysis reveals no major differences between the Picenes and other coeval populations, suggesting a shared genetic history of the Central Italian Iron Age ethnic groups. Nevertheless, a slight genetic differentiation between populations along the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian coasts can be observed, possibly due to different population dynamics in the two sides of Italy and/or genetic contacts across the Adriatic Sea. Additionally, we identify several individuals with ancestries deviating from their general population. Lastly, in our Late Antiquity site, we observe a drastic change in the genetic landscape of the Middle Adriatic region, indicating a relevant influx from the Near East, possibly as a consequence of Romanization.

In extreme summary, discounting all possible inaccuracies in the estimates of uniparental markers, ancestral components and otherwise (Admixture analysis and HIrisPlex are never entirely accurate) Etruscans and Latins seem to be in greater continuity with the earliest migrations that brought Steppe to Italy, between 2500 and 2000 BCE (Middle Bronze Age), while the Picenes received stronger later influences from the Balkans that shaped their genetic profile (Final Bronze Age), with lower percentages of WHG and higher percentages of Steppe-related ancestry, and it is archaeologically a known fact these Balkan migrations in the Picenes happened; even for the Etruscans are hypothesized, particularly from northern Balkans by land in the Final Bronze Age, but evidently these migrations had much less impact in their case. The Etruscans lived on the western side of Italy, further away from the Balkans, so not a surprise at all.

It remains to be seen whether this Balkan component is something that concerns only the Picenes (archaeologists when they talk about this Balkan component in the Picenes do not put it in realation with their Italic origin) or also concerns other Osco-Umbrian-speaking populations in the same way, and the Veneti, who instead spoke an IE language more related to the Latin-Faliscan group, and were closer to the borders by land with the Northern Balkans.

We would need analyses of many other Iron Age populations of Preroman Italy to draw more definitive conclusions, but I fear that for some ethnic groups there are insufficient samples or none at all.

I do not recall the study mentioning this but these migrations from the Balkans to the Adriatic coast could also explain the language of the Novilara Stele, which is an unclassified language of non-Indo-European origin (but not considered related to either Etruscan or Rhaetic) and different from the Indo-european Picene language.

 

[LaCamadeProcusto]

The majority of the files are small, ... posting 37 samples out of 102.

Dod K12b - 1240K :

IA_Etruscan:EV7A_cov-21.13%,0,0.08,4.28,0,48.37,24.43,3.05,0,7.75,1.83,9.02,1.18
IA_Etruscan:EV16D1_cov-9.96%,0,0,4.73,0,51.2,17.62,2.45,0,4.85,0,16.78,2.36
LA_Pesaro:PF11_cov-16.45%,6.15,0,2.19,0,33.73,14.4,4.12,0,10.1,0,27.2,2.12
LA_Pesaro:PF19_cov-14.76%,7.27,0.23,0,2.72,35.96,16.79,1.1,3.12,5.16,0,26.22,1.42
LA_Pesaro:PF24_cov-28.15%,9.34,0,2.99,0,32.18,17.41,1.51,0.31,12.5,1.13,22.25,0.39
LA_Pesaro:PF28_cov-24.22%,3.1,0,3.56,0.67,23.8,4.67,1.24,0,16.9,0,44.87,1.19
LA_Pesaro:PF36_cov-10.29%,16.12,0,2.7,0,31,14.84,0,2.18,8.71,0,23.64,0.81
IA_Picene:PN101_cov-14.80%,1.13,1.03,1.8,0.47,39.97,27.76,0,2.55,2.59,0,20.97,1.73
IA_Picene:PN105_cov-21.63%,4.17,0,0.23,0,43.69,21.49,0.92,2.8,1.97,0,24.73,0
IA_Picene:PN125_cov-21.77%,2.16,0,0.6,0,39.76,30.74,0,0,3.88,1.64,18.97,2.25
IA_Picene:PN135_cov-18.24%,2.97,0,2.01,1.18,34.72,31.72,0,0.2,4.28,0,21.85,1.08
IA_Picene:PN138_cov-13.34%,2.5,0.53,0.09,0.05,39.46,23.65,0.24,0.11,7.49,0.69,23.45,1.74
IA_Picene:PN141_cov-20.38%,0,0.56,4.27,0,39.72,28.07,0,0,3.17,1.56,21.21,1.44
IA_Picene:PN146_cov-20.57%,2.8,0,0.8,0,46.23,22.41,0,0,4.29,0,21.96,1.51
IA_Picene:PN157_cov-11.15%,5.42,2.82,0.28,0,42.48,29.84,0,0,0.21,0,16.35,2.59
IA_Picene:PN158_cov-23.05%,7.42,5.15,0.51,0,35.94,28.62,0,0.41,2.2,0.47,16.03,3.26
IA_Picene:PN162_cov-22.66%,2.32,0,1.25,0,41.33,27.4,0.96,0.65,5.04,0,19.97,1.09
IA_Picene:PN172_cov-26.29%,10.53,0,0.51,0,36.62,31.13,0,0.33,4.87,0,12.76,3.25
IA_Picene:PN177_cov-14.96%,7.8,2.49,0.76,0,32.29,25.79,0,0,13.16,0,17.35,0.36
IA_Picene:PN179_cov-19.21%,4.08,0.78,0,1.59,38.54,22.7,0,0,9.56,0,21.06,1.69
IA_Picene:PN180_cov-18.87%,5.39,0,1.67,0.93,41.8,32.06,0.52,0.54,0,0,15.8,1.3
IA_Picene:PN20_cov-21.26%,3.98,0,1.1,0.51,49.01,16.95,0,0,2.9,0,21.41,4.13
IA_Picene:PN24_cov-12.03%,6.4,0.36,0,0,41.72,27.59,0,0,2.21,0.36,19.5,1.85
IA_Picene:PN35_cov-13.77%,4.19,0,3.69,0,33.56,32.08,0,1.97,6.8,1.83,15.46,0.41
IA_Picene:PN41_cov-15.99%,5.13,1.53,2.01,0.37,35.89,23.76,0,0,0,0,27.72,3.58
IA_Picene:PN42_cov-25.93%,5.15,0,3.45,0,34.26,37.13,0,0,4.56,1.5,13.95,0
IA_Picene:PN44_cov-14.39%,8.94,1.03,0.13,0.29,37.04,25.02,0,0,4.75,1.68,18.56,2.57
IA_Picene:PN50_cov-17.18%,5.18,0,3.46,0.67,44.3,24.18,1.37,2.11,0.7,0,17.25,0.79
IA_Picene:PN51_cov-20.78%,1.71,0.64,2.36,3.13,34.27,24.76,0,0,6.29,0,25.52,1.33
IA_Picene:PN78_cov-11.07%,6.83,0.54,2.02,0,40.2,29.73,0.66,1.3,0.37,0.7,16.82,0.82
IA_Picene:PN79_cov-25.01%,4.64,0,1.8,0,32.3,33.59,0,0,2.79,0.4,22.1,2.38
IA_Picene:PN85_cov-11.75%,4.23,0.39,0.29,0,38.71,29.76,0,3.1,1.59,0.99,20.69,0.25
IA_Picene:PN87_cov-11.61%,2.62,0.48,0,0.69,28.94,28.99,2.3,0,7.25,0,25.53,3.21
IA_Picene:PN90_cov-10.55%,6.32,0,0.06,0.95,41.07,24,0.71,0.32,3.2,0,21.09,2.27
IA_Picene:PN91_cov-12.67%,0,0.21,1.86,0.03,35.37,29.5,5.06,0,4.04,0,22.39,1.55
IA_Picene:PNU76_cov-11.38%,0,0,9,1.11,36.09,29.66,0,1.81,3.47,0,18.85,0
IA_Picene:PSD2_cov-9.66%,0,0,0.38,1.44,29.15,36.04,0,0,9.83,0,21.81,1.35

Target: MokordoMH
Distance: 2.8687% / 2.86873031
57.9 IA_Etruscan
42.1 IA_Picene
0.0 LA_Pesaro