Here is a map showing the allele frequency of HLA-DR10. The maximum frequencies are observed in the Lebanon (5.2%), Saudi Arabia (4.8%), Palestine (4.7%), Jordan (3.8%), Morocco (3.3%), Algeria (3%), Tunisia (3%), and oddly enough also among the Saami people (2.9%). It is absent from the Basque population and nearly absent from Sardinia and Brittany. You can visualise the data by country on this table of HLA-DR frequencies.
Worldwide, the highest frequencies are observed in Africa (9% in Sudan and Burkina Faso, 6% in Mozambique) and in South Asia (typically above 5%) and especially in South India (10 to 21%). In Europe, the Gypsies also have higher frequencies (about 4%).
The distribution suggests a strong Southwest Asian and North African association. However its absence from Sardinia and the Basque country cannot link it to the Neolithic diffusion. Actually the closest association with Y-DNA haplogroups appears to be with E-M34 and J1-P58. Apart from being the two main Semitic paternal lineages, they are also found among the Greeks and Italians are reasonably high frequencies, which means that they (and HLA-DR10) would have spread around the Roman Empire, which pretty much matches the higher frequencies on the map.
Volga-Uralic people also carry DR10 and frequencies around 1.5%, with a peak of 3% among northern Swedish Saami. So DR10 seem to have two distinct origins: a Southwest Asian one and a Siberian one.
Medical associations
DRB1*1001 is associated with ovarian cancer and invasive squamous cell cervical cancer.
The DRB1*1001 : DQA1*01 : DQB1*05 haplotype is linked with rheumatoid arthritis.
SNP's
You can verify if you carry HLA-DR10 by checking your raw data from 23andMe, Geno 2.0 or FamilyFinder. There are a dozen known subclades, but only DRB1*10:01 is common.
- DRB1*10:01 : rs4148871 (A), rs2071538 (A)
You normally need to be positive for both alleles.
Worldwide, the highest frequencies are observed in Africa (9% in Sudan and Burkina Faso, 6% in Mozambique) and in South Asia (typically above 5%) and especially in South India (10 to 21%). In Europe, the Gypsies also have higher frequencies (about 4%).
The distribution suggests a strong Southwest Asian and North African association. However its absence from Sardinia and the Basque country cannot link it to the Neolithic diffusion. Actually the closest association with Y-DNA haplogroups appears to be with E-M34 and J1-P58. Apart from being the two main Semitic paternal lineages, they are also found among the Greeks and Italians are reasonably high frequencies, which means that they (and HLA-DR10) would have spread around the Roman Empire, which pretty much matches the higher frequencies on the map.
Volga-Uralic people also carry DR10 and frequencies around 1.5%, with a peak of 3% among northern Swedish Saami. So DR10 seem to have two distinct origins: a Southwest Asian one and a Siberian one.
Medical associations
DRB1*1001 is associated with ovarian cancer and invasive squamous cell cervical cancer.
The DRB1*1001 : DQA1*01 : DQB1*05 haplotype is linked with rheumatoid arthritis.
SNP's
You can verify if you carry HLA-DR10 by checking your raw data from 23andMe, Geno 2.0 or FamilyFinder. There are a dozen known subclades, but only DRB1*10:01 is common.
- DRB1*10:01 : rs4148871 (A), rs2071538 (A)
You normally need to be positive for both alleles.
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