ToBeOrNotToBe
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Wondering what people think about this:
The lines capped-off by green dots represent what I see as the most likely breeding ground for the Y DNA written nearest to that particular line - note that this is VERY rough, and the general area only should be considered (so, for example, my placing of Z2103 L277.1 should be further South). Black arrows represent Copper Age migrations, coloured arrows represent Bronze Age migrations. The question marks represent potential movements resulting in Anatolian and Tocharian branches respectively (I'm still not sure on the Anatolian branch at all: as to whether it came from Danubian Yamnaya at a very early date, or still earlier from the Caucasus). For simplicity, R1a was not included (which is why this is an L23 migration map...), yet it is clearly still important in understanding IE migrations - it seems to have had a resurgence in the late Steppe, and even later on (from around 2000 BC) seems to be associated with satemisation. In this model, Western IE was carried by Corded Ware folk at an earlier date than this satemisation. Western IE would only develop with the U152 and U106 branches, which had time to blend with the existing Corded Ware substratum that definitely never advanced further West than Central Europe. In the event that DF27 and L21 carried IE languages to their respective destinations, this would have been lost with further blending with the indigenes, just as L151 (or just its Central European branches) would have lost its tongue from blending with Corded Ware women.
In all scenarios, the origin of IE languages lies either in the Pontic-Caspian Steppe or the Caucasus, and in all scenarios L23 (and M269 just before it) is associated with the spread of metallurgy.
Of note is the potential for IE languages to not originate with Z2103/L23 at all, but to be that of the native R1a folk, and merely adopted by a L23 metallurgical/pastoral ruling elite.
Opinions?
The lines capped-off by green dots represent what I see as the most likely breeding ground for the Y DNA written nearest to that particular line - note that this is VERY rough, and the general area only should be considered (so, for example, my placing of Z2103 L277.1 should be further South). Black arrows represent Copper Age migrations, coloured arrows represent Bronze Age migrations. The question marks represent potential movements resulting in Anatolian and Tocharian branches respectively (I'm still not sure on the Anatolian branch at all: as to whether it came from Danubian Yamnaya at a very early date, or still earlier from the Caucasus). For simplicity, R1a was not included (which is why this is an L23 migration map...), yet it is clearly still important in understanding IE migrations - it seems to have had a resurgence in the late Steppe, and even later on (from around 2000 BC) seems to be associated with satemisation. In this model, Western IE was carried by Corded Ware folk at an earlier date than this satemisation. Western IE would only develop with the U152 and U106 branches, which had time to blend with the existing Corded Ware substratum that definitely never advanced further West than Central Europe. In the event that DF27 and L21 carried IE languages to their respective destinations, this would have been lost with further blending with the indigenes, just as L151 (or just its Central European branches) would have lost its tongue from blending with Corded Ware women.
In all scenarios, the origin of IE languages lies either in the Pontic-Caspian Steppe or the Caucasus, and in all scenarios L23 (and M269 just before it) is associated with the spread of metallurgy.
Of note is the potential for IE languages to not originate with Z2103/L23 at all, but to be that of the native R1a folk, and merely adopted by a L23 metallurgical/pastoral ruling elite.
Opinions?