Dodecad & Eurogenes admixture for Early vs Late Bronze Age Scandinavian genomes

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I have had a look at Mesolithic and Neolithic genomes, an Early Bronze Age Yamna genome, compared Corded Ware vs Sintashta genomes, and analysed the Hinxton Celtic and Anglo-Saxon genomes. Here is another Corded Ware (or Battle-Axe) culture genome, but from Denmark instead of Poland., which I will compare to a later Nordic Bronze Age genome.

Keep in mind that the component names for the Eurogenes K36 admixture are not accurate and do not represent the region of origin, nor even the region where it is the most common today. One of the reasons fro comparing ancient genomes is to try to determine what these components really mean. For more information check the analysis of the K36 components.


Battle-Axe culture (RISE71, H3b, c. 2100 BCE Denmark)

Eurogenes K36

0.00% Amerindian
0.00% Arabian
0.00% Armenian
0.00% Basque
0.00% Central_African
16.01% Central_Euro
0.00% East_African
0.00% East_Asian
0.00% East_Balkan
0.00% East_Central_Asian
5.28% East_Central_Euro
0.00% East_Med
0.00% Eastern_Euro
7.98% Fennoscandian
11.55% French
0.06% Iberian
0.00% Indo-Chinese
7.08% Italian
0.00% Malayan
0.00% Near_Eastern
0.00% North_African
15.67% North_Atlantic
0.00% North_Caucasian
28.11% North_Sea
0.00% Northeast_African
0.00% Oceanian
0.00% Omotic
0.00% Pygmy
0.00% Siberian
0.00% South_Asian
0.00% South_Central_Asian
0.00% South_Chinese
0.00% Volga-Ural
0.00% West_African
1.39% West_Caucasian
6.86% West_Med

Like in Corded Ware Poland, this genome has 0% of Eastern_Euro. But for the rest it is completely different and closer to Sintashta.

Dodecad Dv3 (aka K12)


10.08% East_European
59.12% West_European
22.39% Mediterranean
0.73% Neo_African
7.33% West_Asian
0.00% South_Asian
0.00% Northeast_Asian
0.00% Southeast_Asian
0.00% East_African
0.01% Southwest_Asian
0.00% Northwest_African
0.34% Palaeo_African

Interestingly, this genome is closer to Sintashta than to Corded Ware Poland, but with more Mediterranean and less East_European.

Modern Germans are very close, but in average have a bit more East_European and a bit less West_European. So this Battle-Axe Danish genome looks more like a modern West German than anything else.

Dodecad K12b

8.03% Gedrosia
0.00% Siberian
0.17% Northwest_African
0.00% Southeast_Asian
36.48% Atlantic_Med
48.45% North_European
0.00% South_Asian
0.00% East_African
1.86% Southwest_Asian
0.00% East_Asian
5.02% Caucasus
0.00% Sub_Saharan

Overall these admixtures are remarkably similar to modern Germans.


Nordic Bronze Age (RISE077, I1, J1c8, c. 1350 BCE Denmark)

Eurogenes K36

0.00% Amerindian
0.00% Arabian
0.29% Armenian
3.01% Basque
0.09% Central_African
0.00% Central_Euro
0.00% East_African
0.00% East_Asian
0.00% East_Balkan
0.00% East_Central_Asian
5.90% East_Central_Euro
0.00% East_Med
0.00% Eastern_Euro
19.77% Fennoscandian
31.60% French
0.00% Iberian
0.00% Indo-Chinese
0.00% Italian
0.00% Malayan
0.00% Near_Eastern
0.00% North_African
0.11% North_Atlantic
0.00% North_Caucasian
11.72% North_Sea
0.00% Northeast_African
0.00% Oceanian
0.00% Omotic
0.23% Pygmy
0.00% Siberian
0.00% South_Asian
0.00% South_Central_Asian
0.00% South_Chinese
0.00% Volga-Ural
0.00% West_African
5.96% West_Caucasian
21.32% West_Med

Very high percentages of "French", West_Med" and Fennoscandian. Strangely no North_Atlantic or Central_Euro.


Dodecad Dv3 (aka K12)

5.87% East_European

65.65% West_European
17.14% Mediterranean
2.79% Neo_African
8.52% West_Asian
0.00% South_Asian
0.00% Northeast_Asian
0.00% Southeast_Asian
0.00% East_African
0.03% Southwest_Asian
0.00% Northwest_African
0.00% Palaeo_African

These results are very similar to modern Danes, and about intermediary between modern Dutch and Norwegians (apart from the African admixture, of course).


Dodecad K12b

4.00% Gedrosia
0.00% Siberian
0.00% Northwest_African
0.00% Southeast_Asian
39.01% Atlantic_Med
54.28% North_European
0.00% South_Asian
0.00% East_African
0.00% Southwest_Asian
0.00% East_Asian
0.01% Caucasus
2.69% Sub_Saharan

Once again, very similar to modern Danes and Norwegians, but a bit less to Swedes and Dutch people.
 
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Here is a Late Iron Age Scandinavian genome for the sake of comparison. It dates from circa 500 CE, during the period of the Germanic Migration and some 300 years before the Viking Age.

Iron-age Sweden (RISE174, W1, c. 500 CE)

Eurogenes K36

0.00% Amerindian
0.00% Arabian
0.00% Armenian
2.38% Basque
0.00% Central_African
7.31% Central_Euro
0.00% East_African
0.00% East_Asian
0.11% East_Balkan
0.00% East_Central_Asian
13.39% East_Central_Euro
0.00% East_Med
7.37% Eastern_Euro
15.17% Fennoscandian
6.36% French
4.29% Iberian
0.00% Indo-Chinese
0.00% Italian
0.00% Malayan
0.00% Near_Eastern
0.00% North_African
19.35% North_Atlantic
0.00% North_Caucasian
24.26% North_Sea
0.00% Northeast_African
0.00% Oceanian
0.00% Omotic
0.00% Pygmy
0.00% Siberian
0.00% South_Asian
0.00% South_Central_Asian
0.00% South_Chinese
0.00% Volga-Ural
0.00% West_African
0.00% West_Caucasian
0.00% West_Med

This looks much more modern and believable than the above Nordic Bronze Age sample.


Dodecad Dv3 (aka K12)


18.30% East_European
57.64% West_European
19.87% Mediterranean
0.42% Neo_African
1.48% West_Asian
0.01% South_Asian
0.13% Northeast_Asian
0.00% Southeast_Asian
0.00% East_African
0.01% Southwest_Asian
2.03% Northwest_African
0.12% Palaeo_African

This admixture resembles most modern Germans, especially north-east Germans.

Dodecad K12b



7.84% Gedrosia
0.00% Siberian
0.97% Northwest_African
0.00% Southeast_Asian
35.08% Atlantic_Med
55.72% North_European
0.00% South_Asian
0.00% East_African
0.00% Southwest_Asian
0.00% East_Asian
0.04% Caucasus
0.36% Sub_Saharan

On K12b, this sample is most similar to the modern Norwegian samples (almost perfect match, apart from the African admixture).

Once again there is over 1% of African admixture among ancient Scandinavians on the two Dodecad calculators, just like in the two Bronze Age samples above and in the Ango-Saxon Hinxton genomes. Is this really African? How comes that modern Scandinavians don't have any trace of it (0%, not even 0.1%) using the exact same calculators?
 
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