Genetic study The Picenes and the Genetic Landscape of Central Adriatic Italy in the Iron Age.

ihype02 said:
There is J2a in Italics too. J2a was not brought entirely from Middle East and Greece as I previously assumed.
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There is not a single J2a in that list. All of the Picene (Italic) samples that are J2 are under M12 which is J2b.
 
J Man said:
There is not a single J2a in that list. All of the Picene (Italic) samples that are J2 are under M12 which is J2b.
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It writes J2a there but I guess it must have a different/outdated title.
 

Giulia Recchia: Cross-cultural encounters and transformation: overlapping spheres of interactions in the 3rd millennium BC Central MediterraneanThe Transformation of Europe in the Third Millennium BC
 

Elisabetta Borgna and Giulio Simeoni: Maritime and Alpine impactful cultural components in the northern Adriatic at the dawn of the Early Bronze AgeThe Transformation of Europe in the Third Millennium BCInternational Conference on the Third Millennium BC archaeology in Europe
 
Pax Augusta said:
Alissa Mittnik, Claudio Cavazzuti et alii: Investigating the 4th-2nd millennium BCE transition in Italy



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The EBA and Bell Beaker samples of Northern Italy seem to meet roughly where IA Latins/Etruscans cluster in the modern Spaniard area of the PCA. This represents the earliest waves of steppe influence and perhaps is the actual ethnogenesis of the people who spread the proto apennine material culture that later went on to become the latins, samnites, umbrians, oenotrians and etruscans. They are more WHG drifted than populations like the IA Picenes, BA/IA illyrians and modern Northern Italians.

The modern spaniard-like and EEF-like samples from EBA Marche are of particular importance because they prove a significant displacement or admixture event in local ancestry. We have IA samples from the Picenes to compare and they instead cluster in the modern northern Italian zone of the PCA. This displacement necessarily had to occur between the middle and final bronze age, which of course encompasses the terramare migrations to po valley and the alps. I'd be highly surprised if we don't see the same displacement phenomenon in northern Italy as well, given the genetic profiles we've seen from the BA proto-illyrians and vatya/nagyrev cultures. This is all very good data with significant sample size, but the limitation is the age of these samples. Most of the answers to the big questions on Italian ethnography are going to be found in later finds than what was recovered for this study.

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the elisabetta borgna clip would clarify more of the north-east italians
 
thr guilia recchia clip, clarifies that lateness of Greeks into the adriatic sea
history does say that they did not enter earlier than 700BC.
with corinthians creating appolonia, durres and skroder in the 600bc times.

with aegean Paros island greeks killing off liburnian men in Hvar island circa 620BC......as the only major greek influence in the adriatic
 
Vitruvius said:
The EBA and Bell Beaker samples of Northern Italy seem to meet roughly where IA Latins/Etruscans cluster in the modern Spaniard area of the PCA. This represents the earliest waves of steppe influence and perhaps is the actual ethnogenesis of the people who spread the proto apennine material culture that later went on to become the latins, samnites, umbrians, oenotrians and etruscans. They are more WHG drifted than populations like the IA Picenes, BA/IA illyrians and modern Northern Italians.

The modern spaniard-like and EEF-like samples from EBA Marche are of particular importance because they prove a significant displacement or admixture event in local ancestry. We have IA samples from the Picenes to compare and they instead cluster in the modern northern Italian zone of the PCA. This displacement necessarily had to occur between the middle and final bronze age, which of course encompasses the terramare migrations to po valley and the alps. I'd be highly surprised if we don't see the same displacement phenomenon in northern Italy as well, given the genetic profiles we've seen from the BA proto-illyrians and vatya/nagyrev cultures. This is all very good data with significant sample size, but the limitation is the age of these samples. Most of the answers to the big questions on Italian ethnography are going to be found in later finds than what was recovered for this study.

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Adding to this, we see basically the same phenomenon with the Latin/Etruscans of C. Italy as we do with the Etruscans/Samnites of Campania. At the start of the iron age, Campanian Etruscans/Samnites seem to start partway between the modern Spaniard and modern Sardinian clutsters, intermediate to the two clusters we see in EBA Campania. This would imply degrees of admixture between the two and eventually homogenity/continuity which was retained into the iron age. In the case of specifically Pontecagnano, the former Etruscan colony begins to take on large sums of Greek influence and begin shifting drastically towards the S. Italian/Greek cluster by roughly 500BC.

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Vitruvius said:
Adding to this, we see basically the same phenomenon with the Latin/Etruscans of C. Italy as we do with the Etruscans/Samnites of Campania. At the start of the iron age, Campanian Etruscans/Samnites seem to start partway between the modern Spaniard and modern Sardinian clutsters, intermediate to the two clusters we see in EBA Campania. This would imply degrees of admixture between the two and eventually homogenity/continuity which was retained into the iron age. In the case of specifically Pontecagnano, the former Etruscan colony begins to take on large sums of Greek influence and begin shifting drastically towards the S. Italian/Greek cluster by roughly 500BC.
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The author of this chart argued that the Samnites were genetically equal to Latins and Etruscans (the Samnites spoke an Osco-Umbrian language), and that those genetically different were the Greeks, and that a contribution from the eastern Mediterranean (the Aegean is part of the eastern Mediterraneum anyway) radically changes the demography of Campania. If I remember correctly, according to archaeologists since about 400 B.C. there has been no more Etruscan civilization in Campania (which had been formed in the early Iron Age due to migrations of Etruscans from Latium to Campania and were never a majority in Campania). Clearly many centuries earlier than when it will occur in Etruria. But this study has not yet come out, and one wonders why after now 3 years. If it ever comes out, it cannot be ruled out that there will be changes in the setting of this study.
 
The Piceni samples are available on the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) under the project accession PRJEB77116

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www.ebi.ac.uk www.ebi.ac.uk

The Genomic portrait of the Picene culture: new insights into the Italic Iron Age and the legacy of the Roman Empire in Central Italy.
 
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Salento said:
The Piceni samples are available on the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) under the project accession PRJEB77116

ENA Browser

ENA Browser
www.ebi.ac.uk www.ebi.ac.uk

The Genomic portrait of the Picene culture: new insights into the Italic Iron Age and the legacy of the Roman Empire in Central Italy.
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Excellent! If you process them, could you make a version aligned to HG19, and the raw data in 23andme format? Then we could combine them into AADR.
 
Would someone be so kind as to list the haplogroups? Meaning the more refined ones if possible via whatever tool.
 
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The majority of the files are small, ... posting 37 samples out of 102.

Dod K12b - 1240K :
Code: 
IA_Etruscan:EV7A_cov-21.13%,0,0.08,4.28,0,48.37,24.43,3.05,0,7.75,1.83,9.02,1.18
IA_Etruscan:EV16D1_cov-9.96%,0,0,4.73,0,51.2,17.62,2.45,0,4.85,0,16.78,2.36
LA_Pesaro:PF11_cov-16.45%,6.15,0,2.19,0,33.73,14.4,4.12,0,10.1,0,27.2,2.12
LA_Pesaro:PF19_cov-14.76%,7.27,0.23,0,2.72,35.96,16.79,1.1,3.12,5.16,0,26.22,1.42
LA_Pesaro:PF24_cov-28.15%,9.34,0,2.99,0,32.18,17.41,1.51,0.31,12.5,1.13,22.25,0.39
LA_Pesaro:PF28_cov-24.22%,3.1,0,3.56,0.67,23.8,4.67,1.24,0,16.9,0,44.87,1.19
LA_Pesaro:PF36_cov-10.29%,16.12,0,2.7,0,31,14.84,0,2.18,8.71,0,23.64,0.81
IA_Picene:PN101_cov-14.80%,1.13,1.03,1.8,0.47,39.97,27.76,0,2.55,2.59,0,20.97,1.73
IA_Picene:PN105_cov-21.63%,4.17,0,0.23,0,43.69,21.49,0.92,2.8,1.97,0,24.73,0
IA_Picene:PN125_cov-21.77%,2.16,0,0.6,0,39.76,30.74,0,0,3.88,1.64,18.97,2.25
IA_Picene:PN135_cov-18.24%,2.97,0,2.01,1.18,34.72,31.72,0,0.2,4.28,0,21.85,1.08
IA_Picene:PN138_cov-13.34%,2.5,0.53,0.09,0.05,39.46,23.65,0.24,0.11,7.49,0.69,23.45,1.74
IA_Picene:PN141_cov-20.38%,0,0.56,4.27,0,39.72,28.07,0,0,3.17,1.56,21.21,1.44
IA_Picene:PN146_cov-20.57%,2.8,0,0.8,0,46.23,22.41,0,0,4.29,0,21.96,1.51
IA_Picene:PN157_cov-11.15%,5.42,2.82,0.28,0,42.48,29.84,0,0,0.21,0,16.35,2.59
IA_Picene:PN158_cov-23.05%,7.42,5.15,0.51,0,35.94,28.62,0,0.41,2.2,0.47,16.03,3.26
IA_Picene:PN162_cov-22.66%,2.32,0,1.25,0,41.33,27.4,0.96,0.65,5.04,0,19.97,1.09
IA_Picene:PN172_cov-26.29%,10.53,0,0.51,0,36.62,31.13,0,0.33,4.87,0,12.76,3.25
IA_Picene:PN177_cov-14.96%,7.8,2.49,0.76,0,32.29,25.79,0,0,13.16,0,17.35,0.36
IA_Picene:PN179_cov-19.21%,4.08,0.78,0,1.59,38.54,22.7,0,0,9.56,0,21.06,1.69
IA_Picene:PN180_cov-18.87%,5.39,0,1.67,0.93,41.8,32.06,0.52,0.54,0,0,15.8,1.3
IA_Picene:PN20_cov-21.26%,3.98,0,1.1,0.51,49.01,16.95,0,0,2.9,0,21.41,4.13
IA_Picene:PN24_cov-12.03%,6.4,0.36,0,0,41.72,27.59,0,0,2.21,0.36,19.5,1.85
IA_Picene:PN35_cov-13.77%,4.19,0,3.69,0,33.56,32.08,0,1.97,6.8,1.83,15.46,0.41
IA_Picene:PN41_cov-15.99%,5.13,1.53,2.01,0.37,35.89,23.76,0,0,0,0,27.72,3.58
IA_Picene:PN42_cov-25.93%,5.15,0,3.45,0,34.26,37.13,0,0,4.56,1.5,13.95,0
IA_Picene:PN44_cov-14.39%,8.94,1.03,0.13,0.29,37.04,25.02,0,0,4.75,1.68,18.56,2.57
IA_Picene:PN50_cov-17.18%,5.18,0,3.46,0.67,44.3,24.18,1.37,2.11,0.7,0,17.25,0.79
IA_Picene:PN51_cov-20.78%,1.71,0.64,2.36,3.13,34.27,24.76,0,0,6.29,0,25.52,1.33
IA_Picene:PN78_cov-11.07%,6.83,0.54,2.02,0,40.2,29.73,0.66,1.3,0.37,0.7,16.82,0.82
IA_Picene:PN79_cov-25.01%,4.64,0,1.8,0,32.3,33.59,0,0,2.79,0.4,22.1,2.38
IA_Picene:PN85_cov-11.75%,4.23,0.39,0.29,0,38.71,29.76,0,3.1,1.59,0.99,20.69,0.25
IA_Picene:PN87_cov-11.61%,2.62,0.48,0,0.69,28.94,28.99,2.3,0,7.25,0,25.53,3.21
IA_Picene:PN90_cov-10.55%,6.32,0,0.06,0.95,41.07,24,0.71,0.32,3.2,0,21.09,2.27
IA_Picene:PN91_cov-12.67%,0,0.21,1.86,0.03,35.37,29.5,5.06,0,4.04,0,22.39,1.55
IA_Picene:PNU76_cov-11.38%,0,0,9,1.11,36.09,29.66,0,1.81,3.47,0,18.85,0
IA_Picene:PSD2_cov-9.66%,0,0,0.38,1.44,29.15,36.04,0,0,9.83,0,21.81,1.35

Plink:
 
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Jovialis said:
Excellent! If you process them, could you make a version aligned to HG19, and the raw data in 23andme format? Then we could combine them into AADR.
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I guess ... to convert a 1240K dataset to HO format using PLINK:

plink --bfile v62.0_HO_public --write-snplist --out v620_HO
plink --bfile Piceni_1240K --extract v620_HO.snplist --make-bed --out Piceni_HO

The first command generates a list of SNPs from the v62.0_HO_public dataset, and the second command uses this list to filter the Piceni_1240K dataset, creating an output in HO format.

Considering that HO is half the size of 1240K, it may be necessary to remove some samples from the new HO dataset if coverage is too low.
 
I come out as 70.2 pc Iron Age Picene and 29.8 pc Late Antiquity Pesaro on Dodecad K12b.

Distance = 1.1405%.
 
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Robotnick said:
A few U106 samples were found among ancient Gauls from what I recall. There may have been low proportions of U106 in previous "Italo-Celtic" populations stemming from Unetice or Tumulus that made their way into Italy later on. Oldest U106 was found in Bohemia after all.
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My brother is U106 DF96 downstream of the Briton 'headless gladiator number 3' found at Driffield Terrace. He sits on his own little twig on the tree although 4 Americans are downstream but our shared ancestor is 1200 a.d or so which isn't very helpful. We have an NPE on the line in 1801 so that doesn't help our search either. Nevertheless despite the widespread nature of the archaic matches they have put the line in South East England in around 150 b.c. Our Gladiator must have been earlier, S11515 was shown in England (but also on the Continent) from around 1,800 b.c or 1,500 b.c but I can't remember which. It's slightly more common in Ireland at the level they put my brother at FGC8610 I think but off the top of my head I am not sure I have lots of different relatives results. I also can't help but notice how many locations my U152 Z36 grandad and my U106 DF96 grandads lines appear to shadow one another. Heck two of my U106 brothers archaic matches are found in La Tene burials. I also get around 5% of matches via MYTrueAncestry allocated to Unetice.
 
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