Society Ethnic structure of Poland by region

Tomenable

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Location
Poland
Ethnic group
Polish
Y-DNA haplogroup
R1b-L617
mtDNA haplogroup
W6a
I compiled the data by region (voivodeship) from the last three censuses (2002, 2011 and 2021):

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"Polish ethnicity" includes also people who declare 2 ethnicities (for example Polish and German).
 
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Interestingly number of people for whom ethnicity could not be established is much smaller in 2021 compared to 2002 & 2011.
 
Largest Polish cities and voivodeship capitals according to the 2021 census:

City ------ % Polish in 2021

Warsaw -------- 98.78%
Cracow -------- 99.09%
Łódź ----------- 99.42%
Wrocław ------- 98.72%
Poznań -------- 99.29%
Gdańsk -------- 99.09%
Szczecin ------- 99.24%
Bydgoszcz ----- 99.46%
Lublin ---------- 99.43%
Białystok ------- 98.51%
Katowice ------- 93.87%
Gdynia --------- 99.20%
Częstochowa -- 99.52%
Radom --------- 99.66%
Rzeszów ------- 99.52%
Toruń ---------- 99.49%
Kielce ---------- 99.62%
Olsztyn -------- 99.15%
Opole --------- 97.84%
Zielona Góra -- 99.26%
Gorzów Wlkp. - 99.32%
 
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Largest minority by each voivodeship:

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Are the Ukrainians a recognised minority or just recent refugees?
 
Are the Ukrainians a recognised minority or just recent refugees?

They are a recognised minority but in 2021 there were, according to the census, only 82,440 Ukrainians in Poland.

Population of Poland according to 2021 census - 38,036,118.

Population of Poland according to the Macrotrends website:


2021 - 38,307,726
2022 - 39,857,145 (influx of Ukrainians)
2023 - 41,026,067 (influx of Ukrainians)
2024 - 40,221,726 (outflow of Ukrainians?)
 
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In total according to 2021 census Poland had 38.036.118 inhabitants including 37.595.069 (98.84%) ethnically Polish.

This makes Poland the largest by territory and the most populous of all ethnically homogenous countries in Europe.
 
Western Europe would do well to take note. Maybe Poland isn't the wealthiest country in Europe but in 100 years it will at least still be Polish.
 
Minority ethnic groups with over 1,000 people in each voivodeship according to the 2021 census:

Greater Poland voivodeship:

Germans - 6,306
Ukrainians - 5,562
English - 3,598
Belarusians - 2,584
Americans - 1,298
Jews - 1,173
Russians - 1,054
Silesians - 1,041
French - 1,032
Irish - 1,030

Holy Cross voivodeship:

English - 2,134
Germans - 1,134

Kuyavian-Pomeranian voivodeship:

Germans - 3,939
English - 3,524
Ukrainians - 2,073
Belarusians - 1,500

Lesser Poland voivodeship:

English - 4,993
Ukrainians - 4,967
Silesians - 4,551
Americans - 4,449
Germans - 3,409
Belarusians - 2,673
Italians - 2,642
Lemkos - 2,197
Gorals - 1,713
Jews - 1,693
Gypsies - 1,637
French - 1,621
Irish - 1,539
Slovaks - 1,339
Russians - 1,200
Austrians - 1,151

Lodz voivodeship:

English - 3,366
Ukrainians - 2,956
Germans - 2,378
Belarusians - 1,707

Lower Silesian voivodeship:

Ukrainians - 9,859
Germans - 8,978
Lemkos - 5,491
English - 4,515
Silesians - 4,098
Belarusians - 3,072
Italians - 1,956
Americans - 1,791
Russians - 1,637
Gypsies - 1,475
French - 1,418
Greeks - 1,214
Irish - 1,162
Czechs - 1,029

Lublin voivodeship:

English - 3,572
Ukrainians - 3,347
Belarusians - 1,919
Germans - 1,737
Italians - 1,575
Americans - 1,235

Lubusz voivodeship:

Germans - 3,478
Ukrainians - 2,529
Lemkos - 1,668
English - 1,158

Masovian voivodeship:

Ukrainians - 15,447
Belarusians - 9,271
English - 6,689
Germans - 5,318
Jews - 5,224
Americans - 5,220
Silesians - 4,961
Russians - 3,967
Vietnamese - 3,939
French - 3,569
Italians - 3,480
Kurpie - 1,832
Spanish - 1,697
"Europeans" - 1,491
Armenians - 1,461
Gypsies - 1,441
Canadians - 1,371
Kashubians - 1,347
Czechs - 1,189
Swedes - 1,161
Lithuanians - 1,129
Irish - 1,127
Dutch - 1,087
Norwegians - 1,053
Turks - 1,008

Opole voivodeship:

Silesians - 60,049
Germans - 59,911
Ukrainians - 2,191
English - 1,061

Podlaskie voivodeship:

Belarusians - 23,242
Lithuanians - 4,550
Americans - 2,623
Ukrainians - 2,148
English - 1,875
Belgians - 1,445

Pomeranian voivodeship:

Kashubians - 174,741
Germans - 7,055
Ukrainians - 6,007
English - 3,745
Belarusians - 2,632
Kociewiaks - 1,704
Americans - 1,317
Russians - 1,129
Norwegians - 1,087
Jews - 1,086
Silesians - 1,029

Silesian voivodeship:

Silesians - 517,100
Germans - 27,923
English - 5,533
Ukrainians - 4,810
Belarusians - 2,025
Italians - 1,943
Americans - 1,730
Gypsies - 1,724
Jews - 1,611
Czechs - 1,503
Russians - 1,416
Dutch - 1,401
Irish - 1,396
French - 1,115

Subcarpathian voivodeship:

Ukrainians - 4,334
English - 3,830
Americans - 3,502
French - 1,921
Germans - 1,757
Italians - 1,752
Belarusians - 1,111

Warmian-Masurian voivodeship:

Ukrainians - 9,556
Germans - 4,717
English - 2,412
Belarusians - 1,331

West Pomeranian voivodeship:

Ukrainians - 5,735
Germans - 5,222
English - 2,419
Belarusians - 1,531
Norwegians - 1,157
 
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