Words from old Germanic languages in modern English and Latin languages

[Maciamo]

Here are a few ancient Germanic words used in several Western European languages (French, English, Spanish...). Note that the translations in English and Latin languages derived from each old Germanic word do not always mean the same.

Old Norse origin (8th to 12th century)

- steik : steak (steak in French, bistec in Spanish)

Old North French origin (10th to 12th century)

- escauwage : scavenger (related to O.H.G. scouwon and O.E. sceawian)

Frankish origin (3rd to 6th century)

- baro : baron (baron in French and Spanish, barone in Italian)
- bannjan : abandon (abandonner in French, abbandonare in Italian), bandit (bandit in French, bandito in Italian and Spanish)
- bera : beer (bière in French, birra in Italian)
- binda : band (bande in French, banda in Italian and Spanish)
- blank : blank (blanc in French, bianco in Italian, blanco in Spanish)
- blao : blue (bleu in French, blu in Italian)
- blesmjan : blemish (blémir in French)
- blund : blond (blond in French, biondo in Italian)
- bord : border (bord/bordure in French, bordo in Italian)
- brecho : breach (brèche in French)
- fehu : fief (fief in French, feudo in Italian and Spanish)
- fodr : fur (fourrure in French)
- furbjan : furbish (fourbir in French)
- gardo : garden (jardin in French and Spanish, giardino in Italian)
- graper : grape (grappe in French)
- grut : gruel (gruau in French)
- haifst : haste (hâte in French)
- hariwald : herald (héraut in French, heraldo in Spanish)
- hring : rank (rang in French, rango in Italian and Spanish)
- kamerling : chamberlain (chambellan in French)
- krostjan : crush (écraser in French)
- labba : label (lambeau in French)
- laubja : (to) lodge (loge(r) in French, loja, alojar in Spanish)
- loþr : lure, allure (leurre, allure in French)
- marhskalk ("horse-servant") : marshal (maréchal in French, maresciallo in Italian, mariscal in Spanish)
- marka : (to) march (marche, marcher in French)
- rant ("a running") : random (randonnée in French)
- hraustjan : roast (rôtir in French, arrostire in Italian)
- sakjan ("lay claim to") : seize (saisir in French)
- scoc : (to) shock (choc, choquer in French)
- skarberg : scabbard
- skiuhan : eschew (esquiver in French, esquivar in Spanish)
- skirmjan : skirmish (escarmouche in French)
- skirpja : scarf (écharpe in French, sciarpa in Italian)
- skrank : screen (écran in French)
- stakka : to detach (détacher in French, destacar in Spanish)
- stal : stale, stall (étale, étalage, étable in French)
- standhard : standard (standard in French, estandarte in Spanish)
- spehon : spy/espionage (épier/espionage in French, spiare/spionaggio in Italian, espiar/espionaje in Spanish)
- treuwa : truce (trêve in French, tregua in Italian and Spanish)
- trotton ("to tread") : (to) trot (trot, trotter in French, trotto in Italian, trotar in Spanish)
- waidanjan : gain (gagner in French, guadagnare in Italian)
- walalaupan ("to leap well") : (to) gallop (galop, galoper in French)
- (g)want : gauntlet (gant in French, guante in Spanish)
- warding : guard, guardian, warden (guarde, guardien in French)
- warand : warrant (guarant in French)
- werra : war (guerre in French, guerra in Italian, Spanish and Portuguese)
- witan : guide (guider in French, guidare in Italian, guiar in Spanish)
- wostjan : waste (gaspiller, gaspillage in French)


Other English words derived from Frankish via French : ambush, afraid, bargain, broil, butt, buttress, chic, constable, debauch, disarray, disguise, engage, gateau, gauche, gauge, grimace, haughty, peasant, regard, reward, strife, stuff, wafer, waffle, waste, wince


Middle Dutch origin (1150 to 1500)

bolwerc : bulwark, boulevard (boulevard in French, baluarte in Spanish)
mannekijn : mannequin (mannequin in French, maniquí in Spanish)

Langobardic origin (6th to 9th century)

- balkōn : balcony (balcon in French, palco in Spanish)

Old High German (500 to 1050)

- banc : bench, bank (banc, banque in French, banca, banco in Spanish)

Visigothic origin (4th to 9th century)

- wardja : guard, guardian, warden (guardia, guardián in Spanish)
- stakka : attack (attaquer in French, atacar in Spanish)

[Maciamo]

See also the related thread Walloon, a Germanised Romance language ?

[DVDK]

Could you add this list? ;)

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_Dutch_origin

Today Americans use A LOT of (old)Dutch words, because the Dutch owned New York a.k.a. New Amsterdam in the 17th century.
Funny thing i found was that the very much used swear word ''fuc.k'' comes from the Dutch ''fok'' which means ''to breed''.

[Maciamo]

Could you add this list? ;)

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_Dutch_origin

Today Americans use A LOT of (old)Dutch words, because the Dutch owned New York a.k.a. New Amsterdam in the 17th century.
Funny thing i found was that the very much used swear word ''fuc.k'' comes from the Dutch ''fok'' which means ''to breed''.

Dutch is not an ancient language. There are already plenty of lists with English words coming from other modern languages. In this thread, I want to concentrate on the impact that some ancient (or early medieval) tribes, like the Franks, the Goths or the Norse had on the languages of Western Europe (English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian).

[Sile]

Old germanic language would be FRISIAN , the language that created the English languge.

watch BBC show - The adventures of English.

Its a history on how English language developed